运动
有一种时尚叫运动，如果没有去过几次马拉松，没有和职业球员踢过几场球，都不好意思称自己为“运动达人”！生命在于运动，这句话肯定没错！但是还有一种损伤叫运动损伤，爱运动的你必须也要了解一下！小编采访了康复科李艳主任，一起来学习吧！
Sports has become a kind of fashion.If you haven't been to Marathons, or no football game with professional soccer player, you are embarrassed to call yourself 'Sportsman'. It is absolutely true that exercises are essential to life. But you need to know that it may trigger sports injury! We have interviewed the director of rehabilitation center: Dr. Li Yan, let’s go and take a close look at this!
什么是运动损伤？
What is the sports injuries?
就是指在运动过程中发生的各类损伤，损伤部位与运动项目及专项技术特点有关，分为急性损伤和慢性损伤。造成运动损伤的主要原因是：身体素质差，动作不正确，缺乏自我保护能力；运动前不做准备活动或准备活动不充分，身体状态不佳，缺乏适应环境的训练；以及训练、竞赛工作组织不当等。所以不论是长跑、撸铁、瑜伽还是踢球，科学地运动很重要啊！
It refers to all kinds of injuries that might happen during the course of doing sport. Injuries are correlated to sport types and its specific technical mechanics required, which can be classified into acute injury and chronic injury.
The main causes of sports injuries are: poor well-being, incorrect movements, unawareness of self-protection; you do not do warm up exercises before the actual sport or that you do not have adequate warming-up exercises; inappropriate body conditions, lack of environmental adaptation trainings; poor arrangements of competitions, etc. Therefore, it is important to make sure you do the exercises under appropriate scientific methods no matter you are doing long-distance jogging, yoga or football!
常见的运动损伤有哪些呢？
What are the common sports injuries?
肌肉扭伤、挫伤、急性腰扭伤等
Muscle injury and contusion. Acute lumbar sprain, etc.
肌肉断裂、肌肉肌腱的断裂、跟腱断裂。
Rupture of muscle, rupture of muscle tendon, rupture of the Achilles tendon.
韧带的损伤，比如膝关节的内外侧副韧带、交叉韧带及半月板的损伤等。
Ligament injuries, such as internal and external ligaments of the knee joint. Injuries of the cruciate ligament and meniscus.
关节扭伤，如踝关节踝扭伤。
Joint sprain, such as an ankle sprain.
另外当然还有擦伤、挫伤、骨折等等损伤，但是不在我们今天详细讨论的范围。
Of course, scrapes, contusions, fractures, and so on, but not within the scope of today’s discussion.
怎么做才能预防运动损伤呢？
How can we prevent sports injuries?
做好充足的准备活动，锻炼时保持精神集中，让肌肉的韧性保持较好的状态；
Make sure you do adequate and appropriate warm-up exercises, make sure your mind is really concentrated and focused when you doing exercises, and keep muscle tenacity in good condition.
及时纠正错误的运动动作，如打羽毛球或者跑步，错误的动作一定要专业人士帮助纠正；
Correct the wrong movements in time; For example, if you doing badminton or jogging, the wrong movements must be identified and instructed by professional trainers.
根据自身的条件选择合适的运动，避免运动过量，比如马拉松就不是人人都适合的。
Choose the proper exercise type according to your own well-being conditions, avoid excessive exercises; for example, Marathon is not suitable for everyone.
选择合适的运动装备，比如跑步、篮球、网球都需要不同的鞋子，比如对抗性运动需要戴好护具等。
Choose the right gears; jogging, basketball and tennis require different kinds of shoes. And competitive sports need to wear protective equipment.
发生了运动损伤该怎么处理呢？
How to deal with sports injuries?
如果发生了运动损伤，千万不要“随它去”或者硬撑。
If sports injuries happen, do not leave it alone, or don’t try to assume that you will be okay without any treatment
在去医院诊断治疗前可以先进行简单的处理，如用冷水持续不断的冲洗损伤处，然后冰敷，冰敷，冰敷！
We can simply do some treatments first before we head to hospitals. Such as continuously wash the injury with cold water, then put the ice on again and again!
情况严重者可配合康复进行治疗。
Severe cases might need to be treated with rehabilitation.
康复是什么？是不是就是去按摩院按摩推拿呀？是不是中医的推拿呢？
What is rehabilitation? Is it about massage? Is it a type of traditional Chinese medical massage?
NO NO NO！当然不是，小编在此要代表“康复”小朋友澄清一下：我就是我，不是推拿按摩，我就是我，是不一样的烟火！
No! It is absolute not, let me clarify it: rehabilitation is not massage, rehabilitation and massage are totally two different things.
康复医学又被称为第三医学，与临床医学、预防医学共同构成现代医学的统一体。
Rehabilitation medicine, also known as the third medicine, together with clinical medicine and preventive medicine, forms the modern medical system.
康复治疗的原理主要是利用物理因子和方法，包括电、光、热、声、机械设备等，来减轻或者恢复功能障碍。我院目前开展技术项目就很多，如冲击波、镜像神经元训练系统、肌骨超声下的精准评估及治疗、深层肌肉刺激仪DMS、激光、微波、毫米波等等。是不是很酷很先进啊！
Rehabilitation therapy is based on the use of physical factors and methods, including electrical, optical, thermal, acoustic and mechanical equipment, to alleviate or recovery dysfunction. There are many technical projects in our hospital.Such as shock wave, Mirror neuron training system, Precise assessment and treatment of musculoskeletal ultrasound, Deep muscle stimulator,laser, microwave, millimeter waves,etc. Does it sound cool and sophisticated?
除了运动损伤以外，康复技术还广泛用于骨科、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病的治疗和恢复。
Besides Sports injuries, Rehabilitation technology is also widely used in orthopedics, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease treatment and recovery.
回归正题，再次提醒各位热爱运动的亲们，我们运动是为了更健康，所以一定要适度运动，正确运动，科学运动。一旦发生运动损伤，也不必害怕，更不要讳疾忌医，越早康复，效果越好，康复治疗技术可以帮助你早日重返运动场哦！
Anyway, dear sport lovers, please notice that we take exercises in order to achieve a better life, therefore we should do exercises appropriately and do it in a scientific way. Once sports injuries happen, don’t be afraid and please see your doctor as soon as possible, The sooner you get treated, the effect is better. Rehabilitation will help you return to the playground as soon as possible!
李艳 医学硕士
LI YAN Master of medical Science
康复科主任医师
Director of the Rehabilitation Dep.
擅长：脑卒中、颅脑损伤、脊髓损伤及周围神经损伤、骨折、颈椎病、腰椎病的康复评定及治疗，对肩周痛、网球肘、腕管综合征、腰肌劳损、坐骨神经痛、膝关节炎、腱鞘炎、踝关节扭伤及足底筋膜炎疼痛康复治疗有丰富的临床经验。
Specialty: rehabilitation evaluation and treatment of stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries, peripheral nerve injury, fracture, cervical and lumbar disease, and with rich clinical experience in the rehabilitation of shoulder pain, lateral epicondylitis, carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS), lumbar muscle strain, sciatica, knee arthritis, tenosynovitis, ankle sprain and plantar fasciitis。
服务语言：普通话、英语
Service Language : mandarin, English
专家门诊时间：周二、周四上午
特需门诊时间：周二下午
Specialist clinic hours:Tuesday，Thursday
morning
VIP clinic hours: Tuesday afternoon
预约
签约保险公司
素材提供: 李艳
内容编辑：陈怡
英语编辑：何濛濛
美工编辑：刘樱
上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院
联系客服
