C． 代词作主语
1．名词性物主代词作主语时，既可以用作单数，也可以用作复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Ours is a great country. 我们的（国家）是一个伟大的国家。(ours = our country)
Your shoes are black, and mine are brown. 你的鞋是黑色的，我的(鞋)是棕色的。( mine=my shoes)
2．such, the same等指示代词作主语时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements. 爱因斯坦就是这样一个俭朴而又取得巨大成就的人。
Such are her wishes. 她的愿望就这些。
3．关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数一致。
Those who want to go for a picnic please put up your hands. 那些想去野餐的人请举手。
Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun. 一些被人类使用的能量来自于太阳
。
注意：
在 one of+复数名词+whothatwhich 引导的定语从句结构中，关系代词whothatwhich的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此，从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但当one之前有 the, the only等修饰语时，关系代词的先行词是one，而不是靠近它的复数名词，因此从句的动词应是单数形式。
This is one of the best films that have been shown this year. 这是今年所放的最佳电影中的一部。
She is the only one of the girls who sings best. 她是这么多女孩中唯一歌唱得最好的。
4．疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
Who lives upstairs It is Xiao Wang. 谁住在楼上？小王。
Who live next door It is Li and Zhang. 谁住在隔壁？李和张。
5．不定代词作主语时，有以下两种情况：
①some, all, any, none, more, most等词可以指复数名词和不可数名词，它们作主语时，视其文中的意义，判断动词用单数还是复数的形式。
Now all has been changed. 一切都已改变。
All are present today, Mr Li. answered the monitor. 班长回答说：李老师，今天大家全到了。
None is so good as he. 没有人像他那么好。
None are so good as those who are always ready to help others. 没有人像那些总是乐于助人的人那么好。
提示：
在口语中，none of + 复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数或复数均可，要以说话人所想的而定。
None of the telephones workswork. 这些电话都坏了。
None of us havehas been to Dalian. 我们中谁也没去过大连。
②some, all, any, none, more, most等词接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式，若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词用复数形式。
Most of his spare time was spent in reading. 他的大部分业余时间都花在读书上了。
Most of the colour blind people are men. 色盲的人大多数是男的。
D． 数词、量词作主语
1. 数词作主语，不论指人还是指物，谓语通常用复数。
About twenty know the secret. 二十人知道这个秘密。
Six are missing. 丢了六个。
2. “more than one + 单数名词”结构作主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词用单数形式。但“more+复数名词+than one”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
More than one person has known the news. 不止一个人知道了这个消息。
More students than one are for your proposal. 很多学生同意你的计划。
3. one out of ten 或one in ten结构作主语，谓语动词应按照语法一致的原则，用单数。
One out of ten was badly injured in the accident. 在这场事故中有十分之一的人受了伤。
4. “a +单数名词 + or two” 结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。但“one or two +复数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
A word or two is missing here. 这里缺一两个词。
One or two friends are coming for dinner this evening. 一两个朋友今晚要来吃晚饭。
5. “many a + 单数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
Many a passenger was killed in the accident.许多乘客在这一次事故中丧生。
Many a boy has been to the castle. 有好几个男孩到过那城堡。
6. “one and a half + 复数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table. 桌上还剩下一根半香蕉。
One and a half years has passed. 一年半时间过去了。
7. “分数或百分数+ of + 名词”结构作主语，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
Three-fourths of its surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面四分之三是海洋。
Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. 在场的三分之二的人反对这个计划。
Around 10 percent of the forest is destroyed each year. 每年大约有百分之十的森林被毁。
8. 用plusand表示“加”，用minus表示“减”，和用times表示“乘”时，动词多用单数，但也可用复数。
Two and two isare four. 二加二是四。
Ten times five isare fifty. 十乘五等于五十。
注意：
用from表示“被减”，multiplied by表示“被乘”或divided by表示“被除”，其谓语动词用单数。
8 from 10 leaves 2. 10减8等于2。
25 divided by 5 equals 5. 25除以5等于5。
9. 时间价格距离等作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Fifty kilometers is a long distance. 五十公里是一段长距离。
Four thousand dollars is more than she can afford. 她付不起4，000美元。
The six months was a terrible dream for her. 那6个月对她来说是一场恶梦。
Only six days was allowed to make preparations for the final examination. 只给了六天的时间来准备期末考试。
注意：
若强调这类结构的复数意义，谓语动词也可用复数形式。
Six years have passed since my father left home. 我父亲离家已经六年了。
The fifty miles were covered by the winner in three hours. 优胜者花了三小时跑完了50英里的路程。
There are eight silver dollars in the drawer. 抽屉里有八块银元。
10.“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a heap of, a mass of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为of后面的名词是中心词，而of前面的量词是修饰语。
Lots of damage was caused by fire. 许多损失由火灾引起的。
Lots of goods were sent there by air. 大量的货物空运到那里。
Half of the oranges are bad. 一半的桔子烂了。
Half of the food is unfit to eat. 这食物中有一半不能吃。
11. 在“a numbertotal of+名词复数”结构中，中心词是名词，谓语动词用复数形式。但在“the numbertotal of+ 名词复数”结构中，中心词却是number或total，故谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of students are playing basketball on the playground. 操场上有相当多的学生在打篮球。
The number of pages in this book is 900. 这本书的页数是900。
A total of 3，000 letters were received last month. 上个月共收到3，000封信。
The total of letters received last month was 3，000. 上个月收到信件共3，000封。
12. 在“a great deal of a large amount of + 不可数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。但“large amounts of + 不可数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词通常用复数。
A great deal of rice was taken from the country to the city by railway. 很多大米通过铁路从乡下运往城市。
A large amount of money is spent on the project. 这个工程耗费了巨额资金。
Large amounts of money were spent on the free way. 建高速公路花了大量的钱。
13. “the rest of + 可数名词或不可数名词”结构作主语，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
The rest of the students are watering trees. 其余的学生正在浇树。
The rest of the wine has gone bad. 剩下的酒已经变质了。
四、 其他情况的主谓一致
A． 名词性从句和非谓语动词作主语
不定式短语、动词的-ing形式和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
Doing experiments is a good way to find out answers to questions. 做实验是找到问题答案的好方法。
To learn foreign languages is not so difficult as you think. 学一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。
That I shall work with you is a great pleasure. 我能和你在一起工作是极大的快乐。
注意：
what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词可用复数形式。
What we want is more time. 我们需要的是更多的时间。
What they need in that area are doctors and nurses. 他们那个地区需要的是医务工作者。
What she left him are some old photos. 她给他留下的是一些旧照片。
B． 名词化的形容词作主语
名词化的形容词指的是“the＋形容词（或过去分词或现在分词）”结构，如：the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the wounded, the injured, the unemployed, the dying, the living 等。当这种结构作主语，表示一类人时，谓语动词常用复数形式；但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别的或表示抽象的概念时，谓语动词则用单数。
The young are more active than the old in the work. 做这项工作青年人比老年人积极。
The injured in the accident is an engineer. 在这次事故中受伤的那人是位工程师。
The beautiful is loved by all. 爱美之心人皆有之。
必背：
下列词属于表示抽象的概念，谓语动词需用单数。
the latest 最新情况
the unknown未知的事
the rough 难处理的事
the worst最坏的事
the foreign 外国的事情
the unreal不真实的事
the lovely 漂亮的东西
the evil恶
the ugly 丑
the mystical 神秘的东西
the true 真
the false假
C． 倒装句
倒装句的谓语动词的单复数应根据主语而定。
On the wall were several famous paintings. 墙上悬挂着几幅著名油画。
East of the city lie two chemical works. 城东有两家化工厂。
Between the two buildings stands a monument. 两幢楼之间耸立着一块纪念碑。
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