实用高中英语短语与句型词典
pity
1. have (take) pity on 可怜某人，同情某人。如：
Do have [take] pity on me.千万要可怜可怜我。
She took pity on him and gave himsome money. 她同情他，给了他一些钱。
注：若不是用于该结构(即不是用动词have, take)，则通常用介词 for。如：
I feel no pity for you at all.我一点也不同情你。
He was full of pity for thepoor. 他很同情穷人。
2. It’s a pity that-clause ……真是遗憾。如：
It’s a pity that he can’tcome. 他不能来真是遗憾。
It’s a pity that he is allagain. 他又病了真是遗憾。
注：有时可省略 it’s a。如：
Pity that he didn’t think of thisearlier. 他没有及早想到这一点真是遗憾。
有时从句可用虚拟语气，尤其是当从句有“竟然”之意时。如：
Pity [It’s a pity] that you shouldhave to leave. 你非走不可真是可惜。
It’s a pity that he should havefailed in the exam. 他竟然没有考及格真是遗憾。
3. out of pity 出于同情。如：
He married her out of pity.他是出于同情而同她结婚。
I save her out of pity for hischildren. 我出于对她小孩的同情才救了她。
place
1. change places 换座位。如：
Let’s changes places--you’ll be ableto see better from here. 我们换个座位吧，你从这里看得清楚些。
Would you mind changing places withme, as I am too hot here. 我们换个座位好吗，我这儿太热了。
2. in place of 代替。如：
Who is here in place of themanager? 谁在这里代理经理?
We use chopsticks in place of knivesand forks. 我们用筷子而不用刀叉。
3. keep one’s place
(1) 留着位置(座位)。如：
Please keep my place in the lineuntil I come back. 请把我队伍里的位置一直保留到我回来。
(2) 标示位置。如：
I put a piece of paper in the book tokeep my place. 我在书里夹了一张纸以标示我读到什么地方。
4. take one’s place
(1) 就座，就位，就席。如：
Shall we take our places attable? 我们入席吧。
Take your places for the nextdance. 各就各位准备跳下曲舞。
(2) 代替。如：
I took his place as judge.我代替他当法官。
注：有时用 take the place of(代替)这样的结构。如：
Who will take the place of themanager? 谁将代替经理?
Electric trains have taken the placeof steam trains in England. 在英国电气火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。
5. take place 发生，举行。如：
Great changes have taken place in myhometown since 1978. 1978 年以来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
When will the examination takeplace? 考试什么时候举行?
注：take place 为不及物动词，所以不能用于被动语态。
plan
1. according to plan 按计划。如：
Everything went according toplan. 一切都按计划进行。
2. have plans for sth [to do sth]有……的计划。如：
Do you have any plans for thisevening? 你今晚有什么计划吗?
注：有时 plans 用单数。如：
I have a plan for overcoming ourdifficulties. 我有克服这些困难的对策。
The police have a plan to catch thethief. 警察有一个捉拿那小偷的计划。
3. make plans for sth 为(做)某事制定计划。如：
They are making plans for theholidays. 他们在拟定度假计划。
Everyone made plans for goingabroad. 每个人都制定了出国计划。
注：有时用 make plans to dosth。如：
I’ve made plans to spend the holidayswith them. 我已计划同他们一起去度假。
4. plan to do sth / plan on doing sth 打算(计划)做某事。如：
I had planned to do [on doing] somework this afternoon. 我曾计划今天下午要做些工作。
Do you plan to stay [on staying]here? 你打算留在这里吗?
5. plan on指望，计划。如：
They didn’t planned on twins.他们没有生双胞胎的准备。
Don’t plan on my going withyou. 别指望我跟你们一起去。
注：有时用介词 for。如：
We hadn’t planned on [for] so manyguests. 我们没指望会有这么多客人。
play
1. play with
(1) 玩……，与……一起玩。如：
The boy is playing toys.这男孩子在玩玩具。
It’s dangerous to play withfire. 玩火是危险的。
The little girl is playing with herfriends. 这个小女孩在与朋友们玩。
(2) 玩弄，摆弄，不认真对待。如：
The child is playing withfood. 这小孩在摆弄食物(指不想吃)。
Do you mean to say he’s been playingwith me all the time? 你是说他一直在玩弄我吗?
please
1. if you please
(1) 请，劳驾。如：
Come this way, if you please.请这边走。
Pass me the salt if youplease. 请把盐递给我。
注：这样用的 if you please 较正式，通常用 please 代之。
(2) 如果你不见怪的话。如：
I’ll take another cup, if youplease. 如果你不见怪的话，我要再喝一杯。
(3) 真是怪事，你说怪不怪。如：
The missing letter was in his pocket,if you please. 你说怪不怪，那封丢失的信就在他口袋里。
2. please sb 使某人高兴(满意)，讨好某人。如：
It’s difficult to pleaseeveryone. 很难做到人人满意。
Our aim is to please thecustomers. 我们的目的是要让顾客满意。
His success pleased hisparents. 他的成功使他的父母很高兴。
3. please yourself 你请便吧，随便。如：
A；I don’t want to go with youtoday. 我今天不想同你去了。
B：Oh, please yourself then.哦，随你便吧。
pleased
1. be pleased with 对……满意(高兴，愉快)。如：
I’m very pleased with yourwork. 我对你的工作很满意。
He was pleased with the news.他听到这个消息很高兴。
His mother is very pleased with hisgirlfriend. 他母亲对他的女朋友非常满意。
注：有时也用介词 about, at 等。如：
I’m very pleased at [about, with]yoursuccess. 我对你的成功感到满意。
2. be pleased to do sth 高兴做某事。如：
He was pleased to see heragain. 又见到她，他很高兴。
He was pleased to accept theinvitation. 他高兴地接受了邀请。
I was very pleased to be able tohelp. 我能够帮上忙感到很高兴。
pleasure
1. find pleasure in (doing) sth 从……当中找到(得到)乐趣。如：
He finds pleasure in reading.他从阅读中得到乐趣。
He finds pleasure in going to thecinema. 他觉得看电影很开心。
2. for pleasure 为了好玩，为了取乐，为了消遣。如：
He did it for pleasure.他做此事是为了好玩。
Are you here on business or forpleasure? 你是来办事还是来玩?
3. have the pleasure of (doing) sth 有幸做某事。如：
May I have the pleasure of thisdance? 我可以邀您跳这曲舞吗?
When may I have the pleasure ofseeing you again? 什么时候我能有幸再见到你?
I once had the pleasure of beingintroduced to you. 我曾有幸被介绍与你认识。
4. It’s a pleasure. 不用谢。如：
A：Thanks a lot. 多谢了。
B：It’s a pleasure. 不有谢。
注：It’s a pleasure 也可说成 My pleasure. / A pleasure. / It wasmy pleasure. / Pleasure was all mine. 等。
5. It’s a pleasure to do sth 做某事是件令人高兴的事。如：
It’s a pleasure to teachchildren. 教小孩是件乐事。
It’s a great pleasure to readstories. 读故事很有意思。
6. take pleasure in (doing) sth 以做某事为乐，喜欢做某事。如：
She takes pleasure in teachingchildren. 她喜欢教小孩。
He takes great pleasure in going tothe theatre. 他很喜欢去看戏。
7. with pleasure
(1) 高兴地，愉快地。如：D16
I’ll do it with pleasure.我将高兴地去做它。
He listened with pleasure to themusic. 他愉快地听了音乐。
(2) 乐意地，愿意地。
A：Will you lend me the book?这本书你借给我好吗?
B：With pleasure. 可以。
A：Will you join us? 和我们一起玩好吗?
B：Thank you, with pleasure.谢谢，我非常愿意。
plenty
1. in plenty 大量，充足，丰富。如：
The farms have water inplenty. 农场有充足的水。
There was food and drink inplenty. 有充足的饮食。
There are good books inplenty. 好书多得很。
2. plenty of 充足的，足够的，许多的。如：
Plenty of people have come.来了许多人。
She has plenty of imagination.她想象力丰富。
注：plenty of 通常用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句常用 enough, much, many等代之。比较：
There is plenty of time.时间还很多。
There isn’t much time.时间不多了。
Is there enough time?时间还够吗?
point
1. point at
(1) (用手)指着。如：
It’s rude to point at people.用手指人是不礼貌的。
He pointed at the bottle hewanted. 他指了指他想要的那一瓶。
注：此时也可用 point to, 尤其是用于较远的事物时。如：
He pointed to [at] the map on thewall. 他指着墙上的那张地图。
He pointed to a tall building in thedistance. 他指着远处的一幢高楼。
(2) 用……对着(指着，瞄准等)。如：
Don’t point your finger at me.不要用手指着我。
He pointed his gun at thetiger. 他把枪口对准老虎。
有时也用 towards。如：
He pointed the telescope at [towards]the moon. 他对望远镜对准月亮。
2. point to
(1) (用手)指着。如：
He pointed to the front door.他指着前门。
She pointed to a tallbuilding. 她指着一座高楼。
(2) (指针或房子等)指着，朝向，表明，说明。如：
The hands of the clock pointed tohalf past six. 钟的指针指在六点半上。
注：有时也用 towards)。如：
The building points to [towards] theeast. 大楼朝东。
All the facts point to [towards] thesame conclusion. 所有事实都说明同样的结论。
3. point out 指出，把注意力引向。如：
He pointed her out to me.他把她指给我看。
Please point our my errors.请指出我的错误。
I must point out that further delaywould be unwise. 我必须指明再延误就要吃大亏了。
polite
1. be polite to sb 对某人有礼貌的。如：
Be more polite to ladies.对女士要更有礼貌。
He is polite to his parents.他对他父母很有礼貌。
2. It’s polite of sb to do sth 某人做某事是有礼貌的。如：
It’s polite of him to do so.他那样做很有礼貌。
It wasn’t very polite of you toserveyourselfwithoutaski
注：以上各句也可说成：
He is polite to do so.
You weren’t very polite to serveyourself without asking.
poor
1. be poor at 在……很差劲或不行。如：
The man is poor at swimming.这个人不善于游泳。
Some of the students are poor atspelling. 有些人在拼写方面很差劲。
2. be poor in 在……贫乏。如：
The man was poor in thought.这个人思想贫乏。
He was poor in money but richinknowledge. 他金钱贫乏，但知识丰富。
3. the poor 穷人。如：
The rich are not always happier thanthe poor. 富人并不比有钱人更幸福。
The poor were looked down upon in theold days. 在旧社会穷人受人瞧不起。
popular
1. be popular among 受……欢迎，讨……喜欢，在……当中流行。如：
Beards are popular among youngmen. 蓄须在年轻人当中很游行(受年轻人欢迎)。
Swimming is popular with allages. 游泳是老老少少都喜欢的。
The singer is very popular with[among] young people. 这位歌手很受年轻人的欢迎。
He is popular among men, though not,perhaps, with ladies. 他很受男士们的欢迎，虽然也许不一定讨女士们的喜欢。
population
1. have a population of 有……人口。如：
The city has a population of250000. 这个城市有25万人口。
China hasapopulationofmorethantwe
2. the population of ……的人口。如：
The population of the country is onlyten million. 这个国家的人口仅有一千万。
The population of this city is verylarge. 这个城市人口很多。
How large [What] is the population ofChina? 中国有多少人口?
possession
1. in possession of sth 拥有某物。如：
Who is in possession of thehouse? 这房子是谁的?
Mr Smith is in possession of thecompany. 这家公司是史密斯先生的。
比较 in the possession of sb被某人拥有。如：
The house was in the possession of MrLi. 这房子是李先生的。
The keys are in hispossession. 钥匙在他手里。
2. come into possession of sth 得到某物。如：
He came into possession of a largefortune. 他得了一大笔财产。
比较 come into the possession of sb被某人得到。如：
A large fortune came into hispossession. 他得到了一大笔财产。
How did this painting come into yourpossession? 这幅画你是怎么弄到的?
3. have possession of sth 拥有某物。如：
Who has possession of thisland? 这片土地归谁所有?
He has had possession of the housefor ten years. 他拥有这房子已有十年了。
4. take possession of sth 获得某物，占据某物。如：
They took possession of theisland. 他们占据了这个岛屿。
You can’t take possession of thehouse until the papers have been signed. 在文件签字以前，你不能住过那房子。
possible
1. as…as possible 尽可能地……，越……越好。如：
Come as early as possilbe.尽可能早点来。
Be as kind to her as possilbe.尽可能对她友好些。
I need the money as soon aspossible. 我需要尽快得到这笔钱。
2. if possilbe 如果可能的话。如：
I’ll help you if possilbe.如有可能我会帮助你们的。
Send it by air mail ifpossible. 如有可能请用航空邮件寄。
3. it’s possible for sb to do sth 某人做某事是可能的。如：
It is possible for her to sell herhouse. 他有可能卖掉房子。
It is possible (for you) togrowthisflowereveninwint
注：该句型有时可与 it’s possible that-clause转换。如：
It is possilbe for them to win. / Itis possible that theywill win. 他们可能会赢。
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