高考英语分词常见的几种特殊用法2

【例如】
Notshavingsenough hands, we turned to them for help.(we don"t haveenough hands).
Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handledour affairs better. (we are taught/teach us) .Inspired by theInternational, the working people of all countries have beenfighting for their final liberation. (the working people wereinspired/ inspire the working people)____the earth to be flat, manyfeared that Columbus would fall off the edge. (CET-4 1996,6)
A)shavingsbelieved B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed
本句意思为：相信地球是平的，许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系，及分词与主语之间为主谓关系。因此，应用现在分词，答案为B.
No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven alwaysattract large audiences. (CET-4 1995,6)
A) performing B) performed C) to be performed D) beingperformed
本句中贝多芬的作品被反复表演，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词，故答案为B.
____as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.(CET-4 1996,1)
A) Being published B) Published C) Publishing D) To bepublished
本句中as引导的是让步状语从句，意思为：他的作品尽管在被这样的时候出版，还是引起了关注，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词，故答案为B.
2)“while ( when, once, until, if ,though等连词)＋分词”结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when,once, although, until, if等连词。
【例如】
When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us.Whilewaiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about herwork..
Once recovered, he threw himselfsintoshis work and made everyeffort to do it well.
Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam.Iftranslated word by word, the passage will be difficult tounderstand.
3)分词作定语分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。
【例如】
We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the addedfund.
This is really an exhausting day to all of us!
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forcedmyself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
More and more developing countries established strategicpartnership with developed countries.
The young sitting between my sister and my brother is my cousinJack..
As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supportedschools must be established in every town ____50 households ormore. (CET-4 1998,1)
A)shavingsB) to have C) to have had D)shavingshad Town
后面由分词做定语，而且town本身有50或以上人家，故town与分词间为主谓关系，应该用现在分词，答案为A。
4)分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice,feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listento等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start,send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补语的成分。
【例如】
On the top of the hill, we could see smoke rising from the chimneysin the village.
The little boy sat beside the railway line and watched the trainsroaring by.
We should not leave him wondering what he should do.
I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.
I caught him dozing off in class.
过去分词可以在allow, ask, consider, desire, expect, feel, find,get, have, hear, imagine, keep, like, make, observe, order, permit,prefer, remember, request, require, see,urge动词等后面作宾语补足语。
【例如】
After my encounter with her, I found myself greatly shaken.Youshould keep her informed of what is going on here.The teacherexpected the students well prepared for the examination.
在动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice，perceive，observe, listen to,lookat后既可用现在分词做补语,也可用不定式做补语。用现在分词表示动作正在进行,用不定式表示的动作的全过程已经完成。
【例如】
I saw Mr. White get off a bus.
I saw Mr. White lookingsintosa shop window.
——Do you hear someone knocking at the door?
——Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times.
5)分词作表语分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质，而且主语多为物；过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。
【例如】
The film“Pearl Harbor”is really exciting. I am excited aboutit.
His response to the question was quite disappointing. I feltdisappointed at his response.
 
七    分词练习题(附答案)
1) After the Arab states wonindependence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, withgirls as well boys____ to go to school. (CET-4 1997,1)
A) to be encouraged B) been encouraged C) being encouraged D) beencouraged
2) ____,a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeedmore rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. (CET-41997,6)
A) Other things being equal B) Were other things equalC) To beequal to other things D) Other things to be equal
3)All things ____, the planned trip will have to be called off.(CET-4 1998,6)
A) considered B) be considered C) consideringD)shavingsconsidered
4) The house was very quiet, ____as it was on the side of amountain. (CET-4 1999,6)
A) isolated B) isolating C) being isolated D)shavingsbeenisolated
5) This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ____bothwind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil. (CET-41999,6)
A) being B) been C) to be D)shavingsbeen
6) Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known inEurope until Columbus found it ____ in Cuba. (CET-4 2000,1)
A) being cultivated B) been cultivated C)shavingscultivated D)cultivating
7) ____in this way, the situation doesn"t seem so disappointing.(CET-4 2000,1)
A) To look B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at
8) You will see this product ____ wherever you go. (CET-42000,6)
A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising
9) ____in a recent science competition, the three students wereawarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) To be judged the best B)shavingsjudged the best
C) Judged the best D) Judging the best
10) From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they weremade in Song Dynasty.
A) marking B)shavingsbeen marked C) marked D) to be marked
11) She stood by the window, ____.
A) thinking B) think C) thought D) thinks
12) ____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.
A) Not wishing B) Wishing C) Not wished D) No wishing
13) The editorial ____ now will appear in tomorrow"snewspaper.
A) writing B) to write C) being written D) write
14) It ____ now pretty late, we took our things and retired to ourroom.
A) is B) being C) turned D) got
15) ____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountaindoes not seem high at all.
A) When compared B) While comparing C) Compare D) Comparing
16) The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand____ a stick for support.
A) held B) holding C) being holding D) was holding
17) ____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give upfighting.
A)shavingsdefeated B) To have defeate
C)shavingsbeen defeated D) To have been defeated
18) ____neglecting our education, my father sent me toschool.
A) Accused of B) Accusing of C) To be accused of D) That he wasaccused of
19) ____ mainly for the invention of the telephone, AlexanderGraham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
A) He is remembered B) While being remembered
C) To be remembered D) Though remembered
20) ____ that they are fresh from university, the young people havedone a good job.
A) Given B) Because C) Giving D) As
21) ____ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountainsgive him a sense of infinite peace.
A) If walking B) While walking C) Walking D) When one iswalking
22) I understood you were third-year students ____ inEnglish.
A) who majors B) who major is
C) have majored D) majoring
23) A cool rain was falling, ____ with snow.
A) mixed B) mixing C) to mix D)shavingsmixed
24) ____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but tosurrender.
A) Surrounded B) Surrounding
C)shavingssurrounded D) To be surrounded
25)____ equal educational opportunities, American Indians in thereservations remained backward and illiterate for a longtime.
A) Deprived off B) Depriving off
C) Deprived of D) Depriving of
26) All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the classhome.A)shavingsbeen handed in B)shavingshands in C) handingin
D) being handed in
27) ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities inthe United States.
A) Founding B) It was founded C) Being founded D) Founded
28) There ____ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, itwas not a comfortable place in which to live.
A) be B) was C) were D) being
29) ____ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had littledifficulty understanding Chinese.
A)shavingslived B) Lived C) Living D) To live
30) Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the postoffice.
A) not to be wrapped B) not being wrapped
C) not wrapped D) notshavingsbeen wrapped
31) The lab ____ next year will be more advanced than the oldone.
A) built B) to be built C) being built D) to build
32) Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely ____ tothe outside world.
A) being lost B) losing C)shavingslost D) lost
33) He was sitting in the chair, ____ a book.
A) read B) was reading C) reading D) with reading
34) Such ____ the case, there were no grounds to justify yourcomplaints.
A) is B) was C) be D) being35) Peter is a good student, ____ hisbest subject.
A) as English B) English as C) being English D) English being

分词部分练习题答案：
1)C 2)A 3)A 4)A 5)A 6)A7)C 8)B 9)C 10)C 11)A 12)A 13)C 14)B 15)A 16)B 17)C 18)A 19)D 20)A21)D22)D 23)A 24)A 25)C 26)A 27)D 28)D 29)A 30)C 31)B32)D 33)C 34)D35)D