Unit 3 A healthy life
命题考点探究
1. I must stress that what I say is confidential.
我要强调我说的话是保密的。
关键透析
stress 用作动词可表示“强调”、“在……上重音”，用作名词表示“压力”。例如：
(1)强调
The English teacher stressed the imp
英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。
(2)在……上重音
In the word "mother" the stress is on the first syllable.
在"mother"这一字里, 重音在第一个音节上。
(3)压力
Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.
压力通常是患长期慢性疾病的因素。
用法归纳
stress sth. 强调某事
be under stress 处于压力之下
lay/place/put stress on sth. 着重强调某事
即时活用
(1)He ________ the need for careful spending if they were not to find themselves without money. 他强调要是他们不想缺钱的话，就必须谨慎用钱。
(2)The vehicles passing over ________ ________ ________ the bridge.
通过的车辆对桥产生压力。
(3)He ________ ________ ________ because he has to pay off the debt.
他因为要还清债务而感到压力。
特别提示
stressful adj. 产生压力的，紧张的
stress作“强调”而言，近义词还有emphasize, highlight等。
2. The terrible accident was due to careless driving.
这起严重的事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。
关键透析
due to 由于，因为；此短语常用作表语或状语，表示原因，后接名词或动名词形式。例如：
His successes were largely due to luck.
他的成功主要靠运气。
The television station apologized for the interference, which was due to bad weather conditions.
电视台为出现的干扰表示歉意, 那是由于恶劣的天气状况造成的。
即时活用
Some areas, ________ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.
A.due to B.but for C.in spite of D.with relation to
易混辨析
due to, because of, thanks to, owing to
due to常在be动词之后作表语。
His success is due to his parents’ help.
他的成功归功于他父母的帮助。
because of指原因，意为“因为”，用以指出理由。
He lost the match because of poor preparation.
他因为准备不足输掉了那场比赛。
thanks to既可表达正面意义（多亏，幸亏），又可表示讽刺意义。
Thanks to the good weather, we can go fishing this afternoon.
幸亏天气很好，我们下午可以去钓鱼。
owing to意为“由于，应归功于”。
Owing to our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time.
由于我们的共同努力，这项任务提前完成了。
3. You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.
你知道，青少年时我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。
关键透析
become/get/be addicted to sth./doing sth. 表示“对某事/做某事上瘾”，该短语中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词形式。例如：
Smokers are likely to become addicted to nicotine.
吸烟的人容易对尼古丁上瘾.
用法归纳
addict on
be addicted to sth. 沉溺于某物
be addicted to doing sth. 迷恋做某事，对做某事上瘾
The children are addicted to computer games.
孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。
即时活用
(1)Don’t ________ yourself ________ drinking every day.
不要每天沉溺于饮酒。
(2)He ________ ________ ________ the drug.
他染上了毒瘾。
(3)The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ________ love stories for long.
A.addicted B.addicted to C.addicted himself D.been addicted to
特别提示
短语be addicted to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词和动名词。
4. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.
这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟中的尼古丁。
关键透析
become/get/be accustomed to sth./doing sth. 表示“习惯于某事/做某事”，意思相当于“become/get/be used to sth./doing sth.” 该短语中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词形式。例如：
The customers are accustomed to the disgusting custom.
顾客们习惯了令人讨厌的风俗。
用法归纳
accustom on
be accustomed to sth. 适应于某事
be accustomed to doing sth. 适应于做某事
即时活用
(1)We have been accustomed ________ ________ together.
我们已经习惯了一起工作。
(2)Her eyes quickly ________ ________ ________ the dark.
她的眼睛很快便适应了黑暗。
(3)——They are quiet, aren’t they?
——Yes. They are accustomed ________ at meals. (2008江苏高考)
A.to talk B.to not talk C.to talking D.to not talking
联想拓展
在英语中，to有时为动词不定式符号，后跟动词原形；有时用作介词，后跟名词、代词和动名词。下面列举一些含有介词to的短语：
be opposed to 反对，不赞成 be addicted to 对……上瘾
devote…to… 致力于…… object to 反对
lead to 通向，导致 get down to 开始/着手做
look forward to 期望，期待 pay attention to 注意
特别提示
“习惯于某事/做某事”还可以用become/get/be used to sth./doing sth.来表达。
5. This had a great effect on the future of both mother and son.
这对母子俩的将来影响很大。
关键透析
effect n. 效果；影响 v. 实现，使生效；注意effect是affect的名词形式，“对……产生影响”可以说affect sb./sth.或have an effect on sb./sth.。同时affect和effect都可作动词，其意思分别为：affect sth.=have an effect on sth.“对……有影响”; effect sth.=make sth. happen“使……发生”。
联想拓展
come into effect 开始实施；开始生效 in effect 事实上，实际上
of no effect 无效的，无用的 take effect 生效，奏效
put/bring/carry…into effect 实行……，实施……
have a…effect on… 对……产生……的影响
即时活用
(1)The heavy work load ________ his health.
大量的工作影响了他的健康。
(2)The new tax regulations ________ ________ ________ last month.
新税法是上个月生效的。
(3)My parents’ divorce had a big ________ ________ me.
父母的离异对我产生了很大的影响。
(4)________ ________, they had no choice.
事实上，他别无选择。
6. I went out in spite of the rain.
尽管下雨我仍外出了。
关键透析
in spite of不管，不顾；尽管
in spite of表示“尽管”时，意思等同于despite，后接名词或动名词形式，其意思相当于“although/though+从句”；表示“不管，不顾”时，意思相当于“regardless of”。
用法归纳
in spite of=despite 不管，不顾；尽管
“in spite of/despite +名词”相当于“although+从句”
例：He rushed out of the castle in spite of/despite the danger.
He rushed out of the castle although it was dangerous.
尽管有危险，他还是冲出了城堡。
即时活用
(1)We held on for two days ________ ________ ________ the violent attacks of the enemy.
尽管敌人进行了猛烈攻击, 我们坚守了两天之久。
(2)________ the heavy snow, he managed to arrive on time.
尽管大学纷飞，他还是设法按时到达。
(3)________ he is quite young, he has much knowledge as well as a good memory.
虽然他很年轻，但是他有丰富的知识和很好的记忆力。
7. The young man is willing to take risks and try new things.
这个年轻人愿意冒险和尝试新事物。
关键透析
take risks(a risk) 冒险
risk可用作名词，用在很多短语当中，例如：take the risk of doing sth.（冒……的危险/风险）、at the risk of（冒……的危险/风险）、be at risk（处在危险中）。risk也可用作动词，后接v-ing作宾语。
用法归纳
risk doing sth. 冒……的危险/风险
take the risk of doing sth. 冒……的危险/风险
at the risk of 冒……的危险/风险
be at risk 处在危险中
risk on
即时活用
(1)They risked ________ their jobs.
他们冒着失去工作的风险。
(2)He saved my life ________ ________ ________ of his own.
他冒着自己的生命危险救了我的命。
(3)I couldn't ________ ________ ________ ________ leaving him alone even for a short time.我不能冒险留下他一个人，甚至很短的时间都不行。
(4)The disease is spreading, and all the children are ________ ________.
疾病正在流行, 所有的孩子都有危险。
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