高考英语课本回归早读晚练39
早读：
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．hesitate vi. 犹豫；踌躇
hesitant adj. 犹豫的；踌躇的；迟疑的
hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫
hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事
hesitate about/at/in/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
[即学即练1](1)Don’t ___________________ that. Do it at once.
对于那件事不要再犹豫，马上去做吧。
(2)In case you need something, please don‘t
__________________ me.
如果你需要什么东西，请不要犹豫，尽管对我说。
hesitate about ,
(3)He __________________ is lost.
[谚]当断不断，必受其患。
(4)______________________， he jumped into the river to save thedrowning child.
他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。
who hesitates
2．classify vt. 编排；分类；归类
classify sth. by/according to 根据……分类
classify sb./sth. as 把某人/物归入……类；分等级
classify sb./sth. in/into... 把某人/某物归为……类
[即学即练2](1)Zoologists ____________ them ____________ thestructure of their bodies.
动物学家按它们的身体结构进行分类。
(2)Eggs can __________________ their size.
鸡蛋可按大小分类。
classify
(3)Would you _____________ her novels ______ serious literatureor other？
你认为她的小说属于文学类，还是其他类？
classify
3．remark v. & n．评论；评述；谈到
remark on/upon...对……发表看法；评论……
remark that...说；评论说；注意到……
make(some) remarks on/upon...对……评论；评论……
[即学即练3](1)It’s rude to ____________ others’ appearance.
议论别人的相貌是不礼貌的。
(2)He _________________ it was getting dark.
他说天色已晚。
(3)The speaker restricted his __________ to the proposal.
主讲者将他的评论限制在计划的范围内。
remark on
4．betray vt. 显露出(本来面目)，背叛，泄露(机密)
betrayal n. 背叛，出卖，泄露
betray sb. (to sb.) (向……)出卖……
betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密
betray one‘s trust 辜负某人的信任
betray oneself 暴露本来面目，原形毕露
[即学即练4](1)His accent ____________ the fact that he was aforeigner.
他的口音显露出他是外国人。
(2)He ____________ the state secrets ______ the enemy.
他向敌人泄露了国家机密。
betrayed
5．condemn vt. 谴责；使……注定
condemn sb. sth. for/as sth. 由于……而谴责某人
to sth. 把(某人)逼入(某种状态)
to do sth. (某人)注定要……
condemn sb.’s behaviour 谴责某人的举动
be condemned to 被宣告……
[即学即练5](1)The editor of the newspaper________________________lacking integrity.
这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。
(2)He was found guilty and ________________________.
他被判有罪处以枪决。
(3)The meat __________________ unfit for human consumption.
这种肉已不适合人们食用。
was condemned as
(4)As an old person, one is often __________________ alone.
老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。
condemned to live
6．acquaintance n. [C]认识的人，熟人；[U]认识，有交情；了解
have acquaintance with sb. 与……认识，有交情
have acquaintance with sth. 对……了解
make sb.‘s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb.
与某人初次相见、结识某人
on first acquaintance 初次相见时
[即学即练6](1)I ________________________ at a party.
我是在一个聚会上认识他的。
(2)He has some little ____________________ the Englishlanguage.
他稍微会一点儿英语。
made his acquaintance
7．superior adj. 优秀的；优等的；较高的；上级的
n. 上级，长官
be superior to sb./sth.
在品质、级别、重要性上更好或更高
be inferior to 低于
be senior to 比……年长(资深)
be junior to 比……年轻(资浅)
[即学即练7](1)Show respect for ________________.
对我们的上级要尊敬。
(2)His knowledge of French literature __________________mine.
他在法国文学方面比我强。
our superiors
(3)They __________________ number ______ us.
他们在数量上超过我们。
are superior in
提示：以上这些词表达比较含义，常与 to连用，而不与 than连用。
8．overlook vt. 俯瞰；未看到；忽视；不理会
[即学即练8](1)The house on the hill______________________.
小山上的房子俯瞰着山谷。
(2)He ______________________________ on the first page.
他没有看出第一页中有个拼写错误。
(3)I'll ________________________ this time.
这次我会原谅你的过失。
overlooks the valley
辨析：overlook/ignore/neglect/omit
overlook 指应该注意而未注意，意为“忽视”。
ignore 含有主动意味，侧重“不理睬”。
neglect 侧重因没看到或没考虑全面而“忽视”。
omit “遗漏，忽略，忘记”，指由于疏忽而忘记，也可表示因不利或不好而被忽略等。
9．in terms of 就……来说，从……角度；根据，按照
in terms of＝with regard to, according to, in the light of
come to terms 和解；妥协；让步
come to terms with 甘心忍受
be on good/bad terms with 与……关系很好(坏)
in the long/short term 从长远(眼前)来看
[即学即练9](1)It is difficult to express it__________________science.
要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。
(2)The figures are expressed __________________ apercentage.
那些数字是以百分数表示的。
(3)_________________ money, her loss was small.
从金钱的角度来讲，她的损失是很小的。
In terms of
10．show...in...带/领……进来
show sb. out领某人出去
show sb. into领某人进入……
show sb. around/round...领某人参观……
show sb. to the door送某人到门口
show off炫耀
show up出席，到场
on show在展出
[即学即练10](1)The nurse ____________ me ______ the room.
护士把我领进了房间。
(2)I ___________ the foreigners ______ our school.
我领着外国人参观了我们的学校。
(3)Why didn’t you ________________ last night?
昨晚你为什么没到场？
showed
11．fade out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡
fade away消失，逐渐减弱；褪色
fade in淡入；渐渐显示出；使渐强(指电影、电视中的画面与声音)
fade up渐强(指电视、广播中的声音)
die away指(声音)逐渐消逝
die down指(声音)逐渐减弱，衰弱
[即学即练11](1)The sound had ____________ /___________.
声音已逐渐消失了。
(2)It was dark and the noise ____________.
天黑了，喧闹声逐渐消失了。
(3)The shapes ___________ into the night.
那些影子消失在夜色中。
died away
1.acquaintance/friend/companion
(1)acquaintance熟人，相识的人；尤指在工作和事业中认识的人。
(2)friend朋友；指关系密切、感情较深者。
(3)companion同伴，伙伴；指共同参加某种活动或在某种情况下同甘共苦的人。
[应用1] (1)a traveling ______________旅伴
(2)a trusted ___________________知已
(3)a nodding ________________点头之交
(4)a ______________ in despair患难之交
companion,
2. 反意疑问句的用法
[应用2] (1)(2009·上海卷)Sally’s never seen a play in the ShanghaiGrand Theatre, ______？
A．hasn’tshe
答案：B
解析：句中陈述部分是现在完成时的否定句，故反意疑问句选B.
(2)(2009·辽宁卷)It’s the first time that he has been to Australia,______？
A．isn’the
答案：C
解析：反意疑问句的构成需依据主句的主语和谓语而定。
(3)(2009·河北唐山调研)The women carrying babies, come in first,______？
A．willyou
答案：A
解析：该句陈述部分是祈使句，其中The women carrying babies为称呼语，故反意疑问句选A.
晚练： 自我测评·技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He saw the grey summit of the mountain against a b____________background of the blue sky.
2．Later he was for a short time a__________ to France.
3．The part of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder iscalled the u_______ arm.
4．If she marries a foreigner, will her s______ as a Britishcitizen be affected?
5．I really like the a________ much better than modern art.
brilliant ,
6．The ____________ (改编本) of the play for radio was easilydone.
7．Two men formed a _________ (阴谋) to rob the bank.
8．He did not ________ (犹豫) to ask her to sit beside him.
9．_____________ (使人心烦的) financial problems depressed him.
10．This book was the __________ (结局) of a tremendous amount ofscientific work.
adaptation
Ⅱ .单项选择
1．－You didn’t get hurt at all in the traffic accident?
－______. I was a lucky dog.
A．Noproblem
答案：D
解析：考查交际用语的应答。对方确认一下“你在交通事故中一点都没受伤？”根据后面的“我真幸运。(I was a luckydog.)”可知应用“谢天谢地，没有。(Good heavens no.)”来表示“庆幸”自己没遭遇不幸。
2．(2010·孝感高中)Teaching pronunciation class to a mixed group oflearners can ______ a teacher with many challenging problems.
A．provide
答案：C
解析：provide, present,offer都有“提供”的意思。provide意思是“供给(某物)”；present则表示“呈现(某种状况)，使经历”；offer构成offersb sth或offer sth to sb的结构。结合语意选C.
3．Poor education ______ many young people to low－paid jobs.
A．caused
答案：B
解析：condemn sb. to sth. 使某人注定要……。cause 引起，导致；contributeto贡献于；conduct 领导，引导，指导。
4．It was in the United States that I made the ______ ofProfessor Jones.
A．acquaintance
答案：A
解析：make the acquaintance of sb. “与……相识”。
5．Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him ______ othermusicians.
A．more superiorto
答案：C
解析：superior to “在品质、级别等方面更好”，表示比较意义。
6．When they got there, they found the people suffering the stormwere ______ food and water supplies.
A．in needof
答案：A
解析：句意为：当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴的人们需要水和食物。
7．While ______ as a volunteer at the Beijing Olympics, she madefriends with the famous tennis player.
A．beingserved
答案：B
解析：考查省略句。因为句子的主语和谓语动词serve之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用现在分词。
8．They took ______ measures to prevent poisonous gases fromescaping.
A．fruitful
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义。fruitful “有成果的”；beneficial “有益的”；effective“有效的”；efficient 有能力的，有效力的。
9．You can not ______ any little point during this importanttask.
A．overtake
答案：B
解析：句意：在这项重要的任务中你不能忽视任何一点。overlook 忽视；overtake 赶上，超过；overdo夸张，过火； overdraw 透支，超支。
10．Would you ______ her novels as serious literature or asmerely entertainment?
A．divide
答案：B
解析：classify...as... 把……归入……类。divide “分开”，搭配 into;arrange安排；separate “分开”，搭配 from.
11．—How do you know he is an American?
—Oh, he ______ himself when he spoke.
A．betrayed
答案：A
解析：句意为：他说话时暴露了自己(是美国人)。betray 暴露；display 展示，展现；appear出现；show显示，展示。
12．Though she ______ for a moment, she finally went in and askedto see a dress that was in the
window.
A．dared
答案：D
解析：句意为：虽然她犹豫了一会儿，但最后还是走了进去并且要求看一看橱窗里的那套衣服。
13．(2010·山西大同市联考)Mrs Black took the police back to ______ place______ she witnessed the robbery.
A．the same;as
答案：B
解析：考查复合句。语意：布莱克夫人把警察带到她目击抢劫案发生的那个地方。“where she witnessed therobbery”是定语从句，修饰先行词place,where在从句中作状语。由于定语从句是一个完整的句子，因此需要使用关系副词，而不是关系代词，由此可排除其余选项。
14．You think it is uncomfortable to sit on such a hard chair,______？
A．don'tyou
答案：C
解析：uncomfortable, unfair 等意思是否定，但形式为肯定；而且 you think 是插入语。
15．That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it's hightime we ______ strong action against him.
A．betrayed;take
答案：B
解析：考查动词时态。This/That was (not) the first time 从句中用过去完成时态，It istime (that)从句中用过去时态。
Ⅲ .完形填空
Nowadays the whole world are worrying about a danger—globalwarming.In fact this began a long time ago. Yet not all of us seemto realize it.
One day around 30 years ago,the nine million citizens of Londonheard sirens(a loud noise of warning made by a special machine) allover the town. Emergency services, the __1__， the police, doctorsand nurses __2__ by, ready to go into action. In railway andunderground stations, people read posters and __3__， telling themwhere to go and __4__ to do in the emergency.
This was Exercise Floodcall. London wasn‘t flooded yet. But itis __5__ that it will be.
In 1236 and 1663 London was __6__ flooded. In 1928, unluckily,quite a __7__ people living in Westminster, the heart of London,__8__ in floods. And in 1953, 100 people living on the eastern__9__，
the London suburbs, were killed again in the floods. At last,the Great London Council(市政厅), is taking actions to __10__ thisdisaster happening again. But the flood __11__ were not built untilthe 1980s. And in the __12__， Londoners must be __13__. When ithappens, 50
underground stations will be underwater.Electricity，gas andphone services will be out of action. __14__ will be impassable.Itwill be impossible to __15__ any of the bridges between North andSouth London. __16__ －London will look like Venice.
But Exercise Floodcall didn't cause __17__ among Londoners.Mostpeople knew it was just a __18__ .One comment from a lady who was__19__ along the Embankment when the sirens sounded was, “It's aflood warning, isn't it? The water doesn't look __20__ to me.”
1．A.soldiers
2．A.hurried
3．A.books
4．Awhat
5．A.believable
6．A.easily
7．A.many
8．A.escaped
9．A.edge
10．A.resist
11．A.walls
12．A.future
13．A.delighted
14．A.Roads
15．A.see
16．A.Guess
17．A.panic
18．A.design
19．A.living
20．A.deep
答案及解析：
本文讲述了全球越来越多的人所关注的问题——全球气候变暖不是近年才有的，而是由来已久的。
1．A.根据前文的内容可以推断出此处选A.
2．D.由后文的ready to go into action可以推断出此处选D.本题稍难。
3．C.根据后文的where to go可知此处选C.
4．A.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中，疑问词做不定式的逻辑宾语，指物，故选A.
5．D.此两句意思是：伦敦还没有发洪水，但是将来可能会，故选D.
6．B.所填词修饰flooded,用副词，意思是“严重地”，故选B.
7．B.句意为：有相当多的人住在威斯敏斯特，故选B.
8．D.根据空后的in floods可知此处选D.本题稍难。
9．A.由后文的the London suburbs可以推断出此处选A.
10．C.根据后文的happening again可知所填词构成prevent sb/sth(from) doingsth句型，故选C.
11．A.句意为：但是防水墙直到20世纪80年代才建成，故选A.
12．C.in the meantime同时，故选C.
13．B.句意为：伦敦人必须做好准备。故选B.
14．A.根据本句中impassible(不能通过的)的意思可知此处选A.
15．D.由本句中的bridge可以推断出此处选D.
16．D.破折号表示解释，后一句是作者的想象，故此处选D.
17．A.本句意思是：这次防洪演习没有造成恐慌，故选A.
18．C.根据后文的It‘s a flood warning, isn’t it？可知此处选C.
19．B.根据空后的along(沿着)可知此处选B.
20．B.由前文的flood可知此处选B.
Ⅳ.短文改错
When I first learned to write in English, I ran into1.____________________________
much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought2._________________________
in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.3.___________________
My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her4.___________________________
advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.5._________________________
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was6.____________________
learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote7.____________________
a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much8.___________________
and reads it to the class. All said that the story was9.________________________
a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me.10.______________________
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