高考英语课本回归早读晚练39
早读:
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1.hesitate vi. 犹豫;踌躇
hesitant adj. 犹豫的;踌躇的;迟疑的
hesitation n. 踌躇,犹豫
hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事
hesitate about/at/in/over (doing) sth. (做)某事犹豫不决
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
[即学即练1](1)Don’t ___________________ that. Do it at once.
对于那件事不要再犹豫,马上去做吧。
(2)In case you need something, please don‘t
__________________ me.
如果你需要什么东西,请不要犹豫,尽管对我说。
hesitate about ,
(3)He __________________ is lost.
[谚]当断不断,必受其患。
(4)______________________, he jumped into the river to save thedrowning child.
他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救溺水的孩子。
who hesitates
2.classify vt. 编排;分类;归类
classify sth. by/according to 根据……分类
classify sb./sth. as 把某人/物归入……类;分等级
classify sb./sth. in/into... 把某人/某物归为……类
[即学即练2](1)Zoologists ____________ them ____________ thestructure of their bodies.
动物学家按它们的身体结构进行分类。
(2)Eggs can __________________ their size.
鸡蛋可按大小分类。
classify
(3)Would you _____________ her novels ______ serious literatureor other?
你认为她的小说属于文学类,还是其他类?
classify
3.remark v. & n.评论;评述;谈到
remark on/upon...对……发表看法;评论……
remark that...说;评论说;注意到……
make(some) remarks on/upon...对……评论;评论……
[即学即练3](1)It’s rude to ____________ others’ appearance.
议论别人的相貌是不礼貌的。
(2)He _________________ it was getting dark.
他说天色已晚。
(3)The speaker restricted his __________ to the proposal.
主讲者将他的评论限制在计划的范围内。
remark on
4.betray vt. 显露出(本来面目),背叛,泄露(机密)
betrayal n. 背叛,出卖,泄露
betray sb. (to sb.) (向……)出卖……
betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密
betray one‘s trust 辜负某人的信任
betray oneself 暴露本来面目,原形毕露
[即学即练4](1)His accent ____________ the fact that he was aforeigner.
他的口音显露出他是外国人。
(2)He ____________ the state secrets ______ the enemy.
他向敌人泄露了国家机密。
betrayed
5.condemn vt. 谴责;使……注定
condemn sb. sth. for/as sth. 由于……而谴责某人
to sth. 把(某人)逼入(某种状态)
to do sth. (某人)注定要……
condemn sb.’s behaviour 谴责某人的举动
be condemned to 被宣告……
[即学即练5](1)The editor of the newspaper________________________lacking integrity.
这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。
(2)He was found guilty and ________________________.
他被判有罪处以枪决。
(3)The meat __________________ unfit for human consumption.
这种肉已不适合人们食用。
was condemned as
(4)As an old person, one is often __________________ alone.
老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。
condemned to live
6.acquaintance n. [C]认识的人,熟人;[U]认识,有交情;了解
have acquaintance with sb. 与……认识,有交情
have acquaintance with sth. 对……了解
make sb.‘s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb.
与某人初次相见、结识某人
on first acquaintance 初次相见时
[即学即练6](1)I ________________________ at a party.
我是在一个聚会上认识他的。
(2)He has some little ____________________ the Englishlanguage.
他稍微会一点儿英语。
made his acquaintance
7.superior adj. 优秀的;优等的;较高的;上级的
n. 上级,长官
be superior to sb./sth.
在品质、级别、重要性上更好或更高
be inferior to 低于
be senior to 比……年长(资深)
be junior to 比……年轻(资浅)
[即学即练7](1)Show respect for ________________.
对我们的上级要尊敬。
(2)His knowledge of French literature __________________mine.
他在法国文学方面比我强。
our superiors
(3)They __________________ number ______ us.
他们在数量上超过我们。
are superior in
提示:以上这些词表达比较含义,常与 to连用,而不与 than连用。
8.overlook vt. 俯瞰;未看到;忽视;不理会
[即学即练8](1)The house on the hill______________________.
小山上的房子俯瞰着山谷。
(2)He ______________________________ on the first page.
他没有看出第一页中有个拼写错误。
(3)I'll ________________________ this time.
这次我会原谅你的过失。
overlooks the valley
辨析:overlook/ignore/neglect/omit
overlook 指应该注意而未注意,意为“忽视”。
ignore 含有主动意味,侧重“不理睬”。
neglect 侧重因没看到或没考虑全面而“忽视”。
omit “遗漏,忽略,忘记”,指由于疏忽而忘记,也可表示因不利或不好而被忽略等。
9.in terms of 就……来说,从……角度;根据,按照
in terms of=with regard to, according to, in the light of
come to terms 和解;妥协;让步
come to terms with 甘心忍受
be on good/bad terms with 与……关系很好(坏)
in the long/short term 从长远(眼前)来看
[即学即练9](1)It is difficult to express it__________________science.
要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。
(2)The figures are expressed __________________ apercentage.
那些数字是以百分数表示的。
(3)_________________ money, her loss was small.
从金钱的角度来讲,她的损失是很小的。
In terms of
10.show...in...带/领……进来
show sb. out领某人出去
show sb. into领某人进入……
show sb. around/round...领某人参观……
show sb. to the door送某人到门口
show off炫耀
show up出席,到场
on show在展出
[即学即练10](1)The nurse ____________ me ______ the room.
护士把我领进了房间。
(2)I ___________ the foreigners ______ our school.
我领着外国人参观了我们的学校。
(3)Why didn’t you ________________ last night?
昨晚你为什么没到场?
showed
11.fade out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡
fade away消失,逐渐减弱;褪色
fade in淡入;渐渐显示出;使渐强(指电影、电视中的画面与声音)
fade up渐强(指电视、广播中的声音)
die away指(声音)逐渐消逝
die down指(声音)逐渐减弱,衰弱
[即学即练11](1)The sound had ____________ /___________.
声音已逐渐消失了。
(2)It was dark and the noise ____________.
天黑了,喧闹声逐渐消失了。
(3)The shapes ___________ into the night.
那些影子消失在夜色中。
died away
1.acquaintance/friend/companion
(1)acquaintance熟人,相识的人;尤指在工作和事业中认识的人。
(2)friend朋友;指关系密切、感情较深者。
(3)companion同伴,伙伴;指共同参加某种活动或在某种情况下同甘共苦的人。
[应用1] (1)a traveling ______________旅伴
(2)a trusted ___________________知已
(3)a nodding ________________点头之交
(4)a ______________ in despair患难之交
companion,
2. 反意疑问句的用法
[应用2] (1)(2009·上海卷)Sally’s never seen a play in the ShanghaiGrand Theatre, ______?
A.hasn’tshe
答案:B
解析:句中陈述部分是现在完成时的否定句,故反意疑问句选B.
(2)(2009·辽宁卷)It’s the first time that he has been to Australia,______?
A.isn’the
答案:C
解析:反意疑问句的构成需依据主句的主语和谓语而定。
(3)(2009·河北唐山调研)The women carrying babies, come in first,______?
A.willyou
答案:A
解析:该句陈述部分是祈使句,其中The women carrying babies为称呼语,故反意疑问句选A.
晚练: 自我测评·技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He saw the grey summit of the mountain against a b____________background of the blue sky.
2.Later he was for a short time a__________ to France.
3.The part of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder iscalled the u_______ arm.
4.If she marries a foreigner, will her s______ as a Britishcitizen be affected?
5.I really like the a________ much better than modern art.
brilliant ,
6.The ____________ (改编本) of the play for radio was easilydone.
7.Two men formed a _________ (阴谋) to rob the bank.
8.He did not ________ (犹豫) to ask her to sit beside him.
9._____________ (使人心烦的) financial problems depressed him.
10.This book was the __________ (结局) of a tremendous amount ofscientific work.
adaptation
Ⅱ .单项选择
1.-You didn’t get hurt at all in the traffic accident?
-______. I was a lucky dog.
A.Noproblem
答案:D
解析:考查交际用语的应答。对方确认一下“你在交通事故中一点都没受伤?”根据后面的“我真幸运。(I was a luckydog.)”可知应用“谢天谢地,没有。(Good heavens no.)”来表示“庆幸”自己没遭遇不幸。
2.(2010·孝感高中)Teaching pronunciation class to a mixed group oflearners can ______ a teacher with many challenging problems.
A.provide
答案:C
解析:provide, present,offer都有“提供”的意思。provide意思是“供给(某物)”;present则表示“呈现(某种状况),使经历”;offer构成offersb sth或offer sth to sb的结构。结合语意选C.
3.Poor education ______ many young people to low-paid jobs.
A.caused
答案:B
解析:condemn sb. to sth. 使某人注定要……。cause 引起,导致;contributeto贡献于;conduct 领导,引导,指导。
4.It was in the United States that I made the ______ ofProfessor Jones.
A.acquaintance
答案:A
解析:make the acquaintance of sb. “与……相识”。
5.Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him ______ othermusicians.
A.more superiorto
答案:C
解析:superior to “在品质、级别等方面更好”,表示比较意义。
6.When they got there, they found the people suffering the stormwere ______ food and water supplies.
A.in needof
答案:A
解析:句意为:当他们到达那里时,他们发现遭受风暴的人们需要水和食物。
7.While ______ as a volunteer at the Beijing Olympics, she madefriends with the famous tennis player.
A.beingserved
答案:B
解析:考查省略句。因为句子的主语和谓语动词serve之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词。
8.They took ______ measures to prevent poisonous gases fromescaping.
A.fruitful
答案:D
解析:考查形容词词义。fruitful “有成果的”;beneficial “有益的”;effective“有效的”;efficient 有能力的,有效力的。
9.You can not ______ any little point during this importanttask.
A.overtake
答案:B
解析:句意:在这项重要的任务中你不能忽视任何一点。overlook 忽视;overtake 赶上,超过;overdo夸张,过火; overdraw 透支,超支。
10.Would you ______ her novels as serious literature or asmerely entertainment?
A.divide
答案:B
解析:classify...as... 把……归入……类。divide “分开”,搭配 into;arrange安排;separate “分开”,搭配 from.
11.—How do you know he is an American?
—Oh, he ______ himself when he spoke.
A.betrayed
答案:A
解析:句意为:他说话时暴露了自己(是美国人)。betray 暴露;display 展示,展现;appear出现;show显示,展示。
12.Though she ______ for a moment, she finally went in and askedto see a dress that was in the
window.
A.dared
答案:D
解析:句意为:虽然她犹豫了一会儿,但最后还是走了进去并且要求看一看橱窗里的那套衣服。
13.(2010·山西大同市联考)Mrs Black took the police back to ______ place______ she witnessed the robbery.
A.the same;as
答案:B
解析:考查复合句。语意:布莱克夫人把警察带到她目击抢劫案发生的那个地方。“where she witnessed therobbery”是定语从句,修饰先行词place,where在从句中作状语。由于定语从句是一个完整的句子,因此需要使用关系副词,而不是关系代词,由此可排除其余选项。
14.You think it is uncomfortable to sit on such a hard chair,______?
A.don'tyou
答案:C
解析:uncomfortable, unfair 等意思是否定,但形式为肯定;而且 you think 是插入语。
15.That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it's hightime we ______ strong action against him.
A.betrayed;take
答案:B
解析:考查动词时态。This/That was (not) the first time 从句中用过去完成时态,It istime (that)从句中用过去时态。
Ⅲ .完形填空
Nowadays the whole world are worrying about a danger—globalwarming.In fact this began a long time ago. Yet not all of us seemto realize it.
One day around 30 years ago,the nine million citizens of Londonheard sirens(a loud noise of warning made by a special machine) allover the town. Emergency services, the __1__, the police, doctorsand nurses __2__ by, ready to go into action. In railway andunderground stations, people read posters and __3__, telling themwhere to go and __4__ to do in the emergency.
This was Exercise Floodcall. London wasn‘t flooded yet. But itis __5__ that it will be.
In 1236 and 1663 London was __6__ flooded. In 1928, unluckily,quite a __7__ people living in Westminster, the heart of London,__8__ in floods. And in 1953, 100 people living on the eastern__9__,
the London suburbs, were killed again in the floods. At last,the Great London Council(市政厅), is taking actions to __10__ thisdisaster happening again. But the flood __11__ were not built untilthe 1980s. And in the __12__, Londoners must be __13__. When ithappens, 50
underground stations will be underwater.Electricity,gas andphone services will be out of action. __14__ will be impassable.Itwill be impossible to __15__ any of the bridges between North andSouth London. __16__ -London will look like Venice.
But Exercise Floodcall didn't cause __17__ among Londoners.Mostpeople knew it was just a __18__ .One comment from a lady who was__19__ along the Embankment when the sirens sounded was, “It's aflood warning, isn't it? The water doesn't look __20__ to me.”
1.A.soldiers
2.A.hurried
3.A.books
4.Awhat
5.A.believable
6.A.easily
7.A.many
8.A.escaped
9.A.edge
10.A.resist
11.A.walls
12.A.future
13.A.delighted
14.A.Roads
15.A.see
16.A.Guess
17.A.panic
18.A.design
19.A.living
20.A.deep
答案及解析:
本文讲述了全球越来越多的人所关注的问题——全球气候变暖不是近年才有的,而是由来已久的。
1.A.根据前文的内容可以推断出此处选A.
2.D.由后文的ready to go into action可以推断出此处选D.本题稍难。
3.C.根据后文的where to go可知此处选C.
4.A.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中,疑问词做不定式的逻辑宾语,指物,故选A.
5.D.此两句意思是:伦敦还没有发洪水,但是将来可能会,故选D.
6.B.所填词修饰flooded,用副词,意思是“严重地”,故选B.
7.B.句意为:有相当多的人住在威斯敏斯特,故选B.
8.D.根据空后的in floods可知此处选D.本题稍难。
9.A.由后文的the London suburbs可以推断出此处选A.
10.C.根据后文的happening again可知所填词构成prevent sb/sth(from) doingsth句型,故选C.
11.A.句意为:但是防水墙直到20世纪80年代才建成,故选A.
12.C.in the meantime同时,故选C.
13.B.句意为:伦敦人必须做好准备。故选B.
14.A.根据本句中impassible(不能通过的)的意思可知此处选A.
15.D.由本句中的bridge可以推断出此处选D.
16.D.破折号表示解释,后一句是作者的想象,故此处选D.
17.A.本句意思是:这次防洪演习没有造成恐慌,故选A.
18.C.根据后文的It‘s a flood warning, isn’t it?可知此处选C.
19.B.根据空后的along(沿着)可知此处选B.
20.B.由前文的flood可知此处选B.
Ⅳ.短文改错
When I first learned to write in English, I ran into1.____________________________
much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought2._________________________
in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.3.___________________
My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her4.___________________________
advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.5._________________________
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was6.____________________
learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote7.____________________
a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much8.___________________
and reads it to the class. All said that the story was9.________________________
a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me.10.______________________
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