had better 用来讨论现在或未来的动作,是说话者认为某人在某个特定的情况下应该做某事,后面接不带 to 的不定式,其中的 had 不是 have 的过去式。在非正式场合中,had better 可以缩写为 'd better,我们可将它归类为“情态动词”。一、had better 后面接不带 to 不定式,格式是:had better do sth,译为“最好做某事”,它所表达的语气很强。如果我们觉得有人不按要求或建议做会有负面结果,那么就用 had better,例如:It’s five o’clock. I’d better go now before the traffic gets too bad.You had better listen to what I'm saying before you get yourself into more trouble.二、had best 有时可以代替 had better,用于非正式的口语中,所表达的语气没那么强或没那么直接,例如:
I'd best get to bed early tonight, since I have to be at the airport at 3:30 AM.我今晚最好早点睡觉,因为我必须在凌晨3:30到机场。You had best tell her that you won't be able to come to her party.
你最好告诉她你不能来参加她的聚会。
三、had better 的否定式是:had better not 或 'd better not,译为“最好不要做某事”,例如:
I’d better not leave my bag there. Someone might steal it.
我最好不要把包留在那里。可能有人会偷。
You had better not eat so much at night.
在晚上你最好不要吃得太多。
四、had better 通常不以普通疑问句的形式出现,但有时用于否定疑问句,作为一种劝告形式,比肯定形式的语气更委婉一点 例如:
1. 在一般疑问句,把 had 提到主语前,译为”…最好…?“,例如:
Had I better speak to Joan first before I send this form off? What do you think?在我寄出这张表格之前,我最好先和琼谈谈吗?你觉得呢?Had we better leave a note for the delivery guy to take the parcel next door?2. 在否定疑问句,把 hadn't 提到主语前面,译为”…是不是最好…?“,例如:Hadn’t we better ring the school and tell them Liam is sick?Hadn’t you better switch your computer off? It might overheat if you leave it on.你是不是最好把电脑关掉?如果你开着它,它可能会过热。五、had better 与 be better 或 be best 的区别
had better 用于在特定情况下给出建议,而 be better 或 be best + 不定式来用于一般的建议,例如:It’s better to be safe than sorry.I think it would be best if I talked to her. 六、had better 与 would rather 或 would prefer 的区别在讨论偏爱喜好时不用 had better,而用 would rather 或 would prefer,例如:
Kids would rather play than study.She said she would rather not talk to you right now.She answered that she would prefer to walk. I would prefer that you did not mention my name. a. You'd better get a taxi.b. You'd rather get a taxi.
句 a 建议打的,表明如果不打的,可能会迟到,而句 b 表明偏爱打的,可能不喜欢坐公交车。
1. had better 不用于讨论义务或需求,讨论义务或需求用 have to,have got to 或 must,例如:
正确:In France, you have to drive on the right.错误:In France, you had better drive on the right.解析:在法国靠右行驶是属于交通法规定的范围,你必须遵守,而不是最好遵守。2. had better 不用于讨论偏好,讨论偏好用 would rather 或 would prefer,例如:They offered her a job in Warsaw, but she said she’d rather work in a smaller city.他们给她提供了一份在华沙的工作,但她说她宁愿在小城市工作。3. had better 不用于提一般的建议,例如:Auckland is a great place to visit. I’d recommend you take a boat trip across the bay and see some of the islands. 奥克兰是游览的好地方。我建议你乘船穿过海湾,看看一些岛屿。
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