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一、两者都表示“许多”，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词（复数），与 few（少数）相对；而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词（单数），与little（少量）相对。如：
many:
We don't have very many copies left.
我们所剩的册数不多。
You can't have one each. We haven't got many.
你们不能一人一个。我们没有很多。
Many people feel that the law should be changed.
许多人都觉得这项法律应该修改。
much:
Do you have much free time?
你空闲时间多吗？
I don't have much money with me.
我没带多少钱。
There was so much traffic that we were an hour late.
路上车辆那么多，我们迟到了一个小时。
二、 关于many of 和 much of：
(1) 其后接名词时，该名词通常应是特指的（比如有the, these, those, my, our, Tom’s等修饰）。如：
many of:
Many of those most affected are elderly.
受影响最大的人中很多都是上了年纪的。
Many of these poems bear witness to his years spent in India and China
这些诗中有很多见证了他在印度和中国度过的岁月。
Many of the women are addicted to heroin and cocaine
这些女人中很多人都吸食海洛因和可卡因成瘾了。
much of:
He spends much of his time outdoors.
他很多时间都在户外度过。
Much of his early work is concerned with the minutiae of rural life.
他早期的许多作品关注的是农村生活中一些鸡毛蒜皮的琐事。
We have had to contend with the disinterest of much of the medical profession about this topic.
我们必须全力对付很多医疗界人士对这一话题的冷漠。
(2) 如果名词没有表特指的限定词，通常就不用of。如：
她没有吃多少早餐。
误：She didn’t eat much of breakfast.
正：She didn’t eat much breakfast.
大玻璃杯剩下的不多了。
误：There aren’t many of large glasses left.
正：There aren’t many large glasses left.
(3) 如果用了介词of又没有特指限定词，通常是不可以的。如：
误：Many of students have read it.
正：Many of the students have read it. 许多学生读过它。
误：Much of time was wasted.
正：Much of the time was wasted. 大部分时间都浪费了。
(4) 在少数情况下，much of之后不跟限定词也可以用，这主要见后接人名和地名的情形。如：
Not much of Denmark is hilly.
丹麦山地不多。
I’ve seen too much of Howard recently.
最近我见霍华德见得太多了。
(5) 在人称代词前总是用many of或much of，其中的of不能没有。如：
I didn’t eat much of it.
这个我没吃多少。
Many of us were too tired to go further.
我们很多人都累得不能再往前走了。
(6) much of有时可用于一个还有不定冠词的名词前。如：
You can’t see much of a country in a week.
一周之内看一个国家看不了多少地方。
How much of a job would it be to rebuild the garage?
重建这个车库工作量会是多少?
not much of a 有时可用于名词前表示某人对某物或某人评价不高。如：
Then he’s not much of a partner.
那时他不是什么了不起的合伙人。
That might not seem like much of an accomplishment.
那似乎算不上什么成就。
三、两者都可与 more 连用，其区别仍然是 many more之后接复数名词，much more 之后接不可数名词。如：
many more:
Television and radio needed many more women in senior jobs.
电视和广播领域需要有更多女性来担任高级职位。
The latest techniques in oceanography are now available to many more scientists.
更多的科学家现在能够接触到海洋学的最新技术。
Many more questions were buzzing around in my head
还有很多问题在我的脑海里翻腾。
much more:
But we are now a much more fragmented society.
但我们现在所处的是一个更加四分五裂的社会。
Babies who sleep with their parents receive much more tactile stimulation than babies who sleep in a cot
婴儿和父母睡在一块儿比单独睡在婴儿床中能得到更多的触觉刺激。
His sincerity added much more authority to the story.
他的真诚更增加了故事的说服力。
有时其后的名词可承前省略。如：
Many people support the government, but many more are against it.
许多人支持政府，但更多得多的人反对它。
另外，其后修饰的不是名词，而是形容词或副词，则用much more不用many more。如：
In other comparable countries real wages increased much more rapidly.
在其他具有可比性的国家，实际工资上涨更快。
Some children are much more aggressive than others.
一些孩子比其他孩子更好斗。
Friendship is much more important to me than a stupid old ring!
友谊对我来说可比一个破戒指重要得多！
四、注意“many a+单数可数名词”的用法：形式上为单数，但意义上为复数（意为“许多”），若用作主语，其谓语通常与形式一致而不与意义一致（即谓语用单数）。如：
many a:
I met him many a time in the bus.
我在公共汽车上见过他多次。
Many a customer has been lost through negligence of service.
由于服务不周失去了许多老主顾。
He's quaffed many a glass of champagne in his time.
他年轻时曾经开怀畅饮过不少香槟美酒。
注意，“many a+单数名词”是一个十分正式的结构，在口语或非正式文体中一般都用 “many+复数名词”代之。
五、与a great/good number of, a great/good amount of等表达不同，a great/good many后接名词时，不用介词of。如：
a great/good number of:
It affords a livelihood to a great number of people.
这给许多人提供了生计。
This research has been in progress since 1961 and has yielded a great number of positive results.
这项研究自1961年起一直在开展，已取得了不少积极成果。
A good number of questions have been raised in the document drafted by the State Planning commission.
计委起草的文件提出了相当多的问题。
a great/good amount of:
He has taken on a great amount of work in this project.
在这项工程他承包了大量的工作。
During the last two years, he accumulated a great amount of wealth.
在过去的两年里，他积累了大量财富
That's actually a good amount of time for a single level.
这实际上是一个合适的打穿一层地下城的时间。
a great/good many:
He's been to a great many places.
他到过的地方多了去了。
He knows a great many people in this city.
他在这城里认识的人非常多。
I knew I was running a great many risks.
我知道我正担着很多的风险。
I have rather a large influence over a good many people
我对很多人都有相当大的影响力。
但是，当其后接的是人称代词或带有限定词的名词时，则要有of。如：
A good many of those students like this song.
那些学生中有很多喜欢这首歌。
A good many of them have cars.
他们中的许多人有汽车。
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