过去完成时(The past perfect tense)
定义：过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。
构成：had＋done 被动式：had been done
1. 出现by, by the time, by the end of +过去的时间，主句一般用过去完成时
1) By the end of last month, I __________ (read) three books.
2) By the time he arrived at the station, the train_________(leave).
2. 主语+过去完成时，when / before 引导的从句（从句用_______）
1）The thieves __________ (run) away, when the police arrived.
2）I had brushed my teeth, before he _________ (get) up.
3. This /It is the first/ second ……time + that从句（用现在完成时）
This/ It was the first/ second ….time+ that 从句（用过去完成时）
1）That is the second time that she ___________(see) her grandfather.
2）It was the second time I ____________(visit) Shanghai.
4. 在宾语从句或间接引语中，如果主句是过去时，从句动作先于主句动作发生，从句用过去完成时
The monitor told me that everyone _________ (do) well in the examination.
参考答案
过去完成时(The past perfect tense)
定义：过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。
构成：had＋done 被动式：had been done
1. 出现by, by the time, by the end of +过去的时间，主句一般用过去完成时
1) By the end of last month, I __had read___ (read) three books.
2) By the time he arrived at the station, the train__had left___(leave).
2. 主语+过去完成时，when / before 引导的从句（从句用___一般过去式____）
1）The thieves _had run__ (run) away, when the police arrived.
2）I had brushed my teeth, before he ___got____ (get) up.
3. This /It is the first/ second ……time + that从句（用现在完成时）
This/ It was the first/ second ….time+ that 从句（用过去完成时）
1）That is the second time that she __has seen___(see) her grandfather.
2）It was the second time I __had visited___(visit) Shanghai.
4. 在宾语从句或间接引语中，如果主句是过去时，从句动作先于主句动作发生，从句用过去完成时
The monitor told me that everyone __had done__ (do) well in the examination.
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