语法填空是近年来高考英语必考题型。这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。
真题 | 语法填空2（2017课标卷合集）
文后再附一些解题技巧，换个视角再温故一下吧。
通过分析历年高考语法填空题，可以看出一定的规律。按 各考点的考查频率 来分，由高到低排列如下：
No. 1 非谓语动词 (考查现在分词和不定式居多)
No. 2 谓语动词(考查被动语态居多)
No. 3词性转换 (考查转换为名词的情况居多)
No. 4 介词
No. 5名词单复数
No. 6 冠词 (考查不定冠词居多)
No. 7 从句 (考查非限制性定语从句居多)
No. 8 代词
No. 9 形容词
No. 10副词
总之，动词的考点最多。了解各考点的考频有助于我们在高考前有限的时间内有的放矢，道哪部分该重点复习。再有就是需要掌握一些解题技巧。
1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt． This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight．
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet． They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions． When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something． As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing． Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up． Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet．
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food． However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes． Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health．
2．（2017新课标Ⅱ）
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London． It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 word． It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method． This included digging up the road， 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top． When all those had been done， the road surface was replaced．公众号：waynesunbj
Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise． However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using 67 every day．
Later，engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道），which became known to the tube． This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts． The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900． It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public．
3．（2017新课标Ⅲ）
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life． Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course． But unlike school friends，16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York．公众号：waynesunbj
Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year． Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate)．
She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture．
Sarah says, 'My dad thinks I should take the offer now． But at the moment, school 69 (come) first． I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling． It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal． I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more． '
【参考答案】
1 2017新课标I
答案
61. as
62. effects
63. to process
64. are removed
65. a 公众号：waynesunbj
66. worse
67. is
68. eating
69. careful
70. which
2 2017新课标Ⅱ
答案
61. crowds
62. from
63. laying
64. the
65. were used
66. fairly
67. it
68. managed
69. introduction
70. successful
3 2017新课标III
答案
61. resting
62. a
63. has been told / was told
64. who
65. to prove
66. education
67. invitations
68. in
69. comes
70. certainly
【参考解析】
1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）
61． As 分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。
62． Effects 考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“some”及空后的“such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。
63． to process 考查非谓语动词。 be required to do sth.为固定用法。
64． are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt是动词remove的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。
65． a 考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。
66． worse 考查比较级。短语Even worse意为“更糟糕的是”，表示意义的递进。故用worse。
67． is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为Fast food． 故填is。
68． eating考查非谓语动词。介词by后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。
69． careful考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful“当心的”构成系表结构。
70． which考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。
2． （2017新课标Ⅱ）
61． crowds考查名词复数。因为crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。
62． from考查介词。此处是指“当他们来回上下班时”。
63． laying考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。
64． the考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在top前加the。
65． were used 考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863年的事情，而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
66． fairly考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。
67． it考查代词。根据上文的“the railway quickly”可知，此处用it代替the railway。
68． managed考查动词时态。因为engineers与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。
69． introduction考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。
70． successful考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。
3． （2017新课标Ⅲ）
61． resting考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth． 是固定搭配，故填resting。
62． a考查冠词。该空后面model是可数名词单数，此处表示“作为一名模特”，故填a。
63． has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。
64． who 考查定语从句。此句Sarah是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。
65． to prove考查非谓语动词。 want to do是固定搭配，故填to prove。
66． education考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her后需用educate的名词形式，故填education。
67． invitations 考查名词单复数。 invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations。
68． in考查介词。degree与介词in搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。
69． comes考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school是第三人称单数，故填comes 。
70． certainly考查副词。此处fun是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly。
附：语法填空题解题方法
我们都知道语法填空题有两种，一种是纯空格题，没有提示词；另一种是括号内给出了提示词，要求用所给词的正确形式填空。下面分别给出这两种题的解题技巧：
纯 空 格 题
1. 空格后是名词的情况：
● 首先看名词前是否有冠词或物主代词，如果没有，那么考虑填这些，如：
She is earning $6,500 a day as a model in New York.
● 如果有，那么看看填and, or, but是否符合语境，如：
Sportsmanship is a style and an attitude, and it can have a positive influence on everyone around you.
● 否则便考虑介词，如：
I’m calling for a friend who is interested in attending a US university.
2. 空格后是动词的情况：
一般是定语从句，考虑填关系代词，如：
I am usually the focus of the attention because I often have lots of ideas that interests others.
Top of the list was Google, which is well known for its excellent working conditions.
3. 空格后是句子的情况：
● 首先考虑是否是wh-类的关系代词或关系副词所引导的从句，常考查名词性从句、定语从句，偶尔考查状语从句，如：
It gives us an idea of what we want to do when we leave school.
It is almost the same speed at which they would have travelled in a horse and carriage a century ago.
It is the neighborhood where your family makes connections with other people.
● 如果不是从句，则考虑四大连词and, or, but和 so，看前后两句构成的是并列、选择、转折还是因果关系，如：
Bollywood actors are very popular and some are in high demand.
Dinner in the sky is very exciting and the food is good, but there are problems.
I watched TV until nearly 12 o’clock last night, so I could not go over my lessons.
给出提示词题
一般考查四类实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)
1. 给出名词：
● 首先考虑名词的单复数，如：
The music was great and I got some souvenirs (souvenir) while I was there.
● 其次考虑变形，一般向形容词转变，如：
He said that for over 40 years, the company has focused on a professional (profession) work experience.
2. 给出动词：
● 首先看是否是句子的谓语动词，如果是，则考虑谓语动词的适当形式(时态、语态和主谓一致)，如：
In the early 20th century, Dubai was (be) a successful trading port.
Then in 1966, oil was discovered (discover).
● 如果不作谓语动词，再考虑非谓语动词的三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词、过去分词)，如：
All organisms need water, food and shelter to stay (stay) alive.
Restaurants sell prepared (prepare) food.
Since plants make their own food using (use) sunlight, the sun’s energy is found in plants.
● 如果不是非谓语动词，则考虑变形，一般向名词转变，如：
He had an operation (operate) to repair the damage.
3. 给出形容词或副词：
● 首先考虑比较级和最高级，注意是否有标志性词汇much, even, a little和than等，如
Once you’re in a good state of mind, it’s much easier (easy) to maintain it.
● 其次考虑变形，通常是形容词变为副词，如：
Start with something relaxing, and then gradually (gradual) increase the tempo and beat.
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