「词汇」英语核心词超精解之leave

【原文再现】

I left my suitcase on the train to London the other day.

翻译：

不久前，我把我的行李箱落在去伦敦的火车上了。

字面意义：我让我的行李箱落下了。

【单词精解】

leave词形变换：过去式left，过去分词left

注意：辅音v与f通转。

leave语意为“留下；离开”，那么，“留下”与“离开”有什么内在联系呢？且看分析：

leave本义为“留下（自动词），使留下（致动词）”，进而引申为“离开”。

且看一句歌词的英译：

“不要离开我，在这下雨的时候。”

Don't you leave me on such rainy days.

英文表达更有画面感：

雨淅淅沥沥地下，伤感，Don't you leave me的内涵是“不要把我一个人留下”。字面意思“不要让我留下来（让我跟你在一起）”，所以说“不要离开我”。

参考：

1、to go out of or away from, as a place:

to leave the house.

2、to depart from permanently; quit:

to leave a job.

★3、to let remain or have remaining behind after going, disappearing, ceasing, etc.:

I left my wallet home. The wound left a scar.

4、to allow to remain in the same place, condition, etc.:

Is there any coffee left?

5、to let stay or be as specified:

to leave a door unlocked.

【拓展延伸】

1、leave还可以表达“使…处于某种状态”，allow or cause to remain in a certain place or condition

如：

leave the door open/the light on

leave me alone

leave the dog sleeping

2、leave还可以用作名词n.意为“许可，告假，假期”

①permission to do something:

to beg leave to go elsewhere.

②permission to be absent, as from work or military duty:

The firm offers a maternity leave as part of its benefit program.

③the time this permission lasts:

30 days' leave.