英语学习中不定式是一大难点,主要是不定式的身份变化多端。如果你对不定式有兴趣请耐心往下读。
不定词
不定词具有以下三种用法
1.名词用法——当主语、宾语、补语
2.形容词用法——当表语、修饰名词
3.副词用法——修饰动词、副词、形容词,及表示目的;理由;结果等
不定式原本是动词,只要在动词前面加个 to,即可变身为名词、形容词或副词。那为什么要变身呢?原因在于我们表达思想时,常常将动词名词化、形容词化、和副词化。例如:我正在吃披萨。我喜欢吃披萨。第一句中的吃是动词,而第二句中的吃却不是动词,它是变身后的名词短语,吃披萨已经是一件事,是名词短语。
1.I like to eat pizza. (名词)
2.Give me something to eat. (形容词)
3.He went to that restaurant to eat pizza. (副词)
名词用法
1.当主语
①在同一时间取悦每一个人是不可能的。
主语:在同一时间取悦每一个人(To please everyone at the same time)
谓语:是(is)
表语:不可能的(impossible)
在一个句子中只能有一个动词,并列句除外!
To please everyone at the same time is impossible.
②保护环境是重要的
主语:保护环境(To protect the environment)
谓语:是(is)
表语:重要的( important)
To protect the environment is important.
重点1:不定式当主语时,也可以用假主词代替
It is impossible to please everyone at the same time.
It is important to protect the environment.
重点2:It's+形容词(表示人格的词)+of 人+to v~.
It's kind of you to see me off = You are kind to see me off 你真好来为我送行。
It's stupid of me to do such a thing = I was stupid to do such a thing 我真本做这样子的事情。
重点3:不定词的否定形式 not+to v
Not to depend on others is the best way to success.不依赖别人是成功的最佳途径。
2.当表语(位于be动词之后)
A doctor's duty is to take care of sick people.医生的职责在于照顾病人。
His fault is to talk too much.他的问题在于话太多。
3.当宾语
We decided to put off the meeting.我们决定延期会议。
My son needs to see a dentist.我的儿子需要看牙医。
形容词用法
Amy是唯一记住我生日的人。
主语:Amy
谓语:是(was)
宾语:人(person)
修饰语:唯一的(the only);记住我生日的(to remember my birthday);
Amy was the ony person to remember my birthday.
2.在德国我没有机会说英文。
I didn't have a chance to use English in Germany.
副词用法
1.表目的:
他去德国学音乐。
主语:他(he)
谓语:去( went)
表地点的副词(介词)短语:(to Germany)
表目的的副词(不定式)短语(to study music)
He went to Germany to study music.他去德国学音乐。
The window was open a few inches to keep the air circulating.打开窗户为了空气流通。
2.表示原因
I was shocked to see the scene.看到这一幕我很震惊。
we could not but laugh to see it. 看到它我们忍不住笑了。
3.表结果
He awoke in the middle of the night to see him softly go out of the room.
We were separated never to see each other again.
不定词还有许多副词用法,我就不一一列举了。
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