四川李国成
英语中，one、ones、that、those常用作代词，指代前面出现过的名词以避免重复，确保句子的简洁。这些词的一些用法非常相似，下面就对它们的异同作分类说明。
一、one, ones, that, those的类似用法。
1. one用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数。例如：
（1）－Do you have a car?
－Yes, I have one. I have a good one. （one = a car）
（2）Yesterday I have lost my pen. I”m going to buy one after school. （one= a pen）
（3）The story he told us was more interesting than the one we heard yesterday. （the one = the story）
2. ones用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。例如：
（1）－Do you want a toy?
－Yes, I want new ones very much. （ones= toys）
（2）Stone bridges last longer than wooden ones. （ones= bridges）
（3）Teachers like the students working hard, especially the ones who are active in thinking. （the ones= the students）
3. that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词。例如：
（1）The engine of your car is better than that of mine. （that= the engine）
（2）The book you bought yesterday costs less than that I had bought before. （that= the book）
（3）The weather of Beijing is as good as that of Tianjin. （that= the weather）
（4）He often tells us the news of his country and that of his country nearby. （that= the news）
4. those用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。例如：
（1）The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor. （those= the houses）
（2）The bikes made in China are as good as those made in USA. （those = the bikes）
二. one、ones、that、those的区别。
1. 一般来讲，one代表前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数，that代表前面有定冠词的可数名词单数；ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数（前面总带有形容词作定语，不能单独使用），those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数。例如：
（1）This is a point of idiom rather than one of grammar. （one= a point）
（2）A cake made of wheat tastes better than one made of rice. （one= a cake）
（3）I prefer the classroom with enough light rather than that with little light. （that= the classroom）
（4）The school where my brother is studying is larger than that where I am studying. （that= the school）
（5）I like peaches but I must have some ripe ones. （ones= peaches）
（6）New pens always write better than old ones. （ones= pens）
（7）He told me the stories of himself and those of his sister （those= the stories）
（8）I”d rather like the cars made in France than those made in Japan. （those= the cars）
2. one或ones的定语既可以放在其前面，也可以放在其后面；that或those的定语只能放在其后面。例如：
（1）He has got a new storybook, but I have got several old ones.
（2）This book is one that is needed by every one.
（3）The cost of oil is less than that of gas.
（4）The students who do best in examinations are not always those with the best brains.
3. 如果在one或ones前面加上定冠词the分别用来代表可数名词的单数或复数，定语又在其后，这时的the one或the ones基本上可以分别与that或those互换。例如：
（1）The singer from Shanghai sang better in the concert than the one / that from Beijing.
（2）She likes the car of herself, not the one/ that of her husband.
（3）The TV sets in that shop are as good as those / the ones in the supermarket.
（4）He”d prefer the places of interest in the countryside to those / the ones in the cities.
试题精练：
1. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _______ who had already taken them.
A. the onesB. the oneC. thatD. one
2. He wanted to give a book to me as my birthday present and I like a new ______.
A. the onesB. the oneC. thatD. one
3. The culture and customs of America are more like _______ of England than of any other countries.
A. onesB. thoseC. thatD. the one
4. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the ________ that had the best color.
A. oneB. thatC. thoseD. ones
5. The water in this well is as clear as _______ in that well.
A. oneB. the oneC. thatD. those
6. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______.
A. oneB. the oneC. thatD. those
7. I prefer the English - English dictionaries to ________ with much Chinese explanation.
A. thatB. thoseC. oneD. ones
8. The information he gave us is more important than _______ we got ourselves.
A. oneB. the one
C. thatD. those
9. I like to read novels, especially detective _______.
A. the onesB. ones
C. thatD. those
10. He will always remember the days, the instructive ________ he spent in the countryside.
A. thatB. those
C. the onesD. ones
Key:
1. A2. D3. B4. D5. C
6. A7. B8. C9. B10. D
年级
初中
学科
英语
版本
期数
内容标题
浅析one, ones, that, those的用法
分类索引号
G.622.46
分类索引描述
辅导与自学
主题词
浅析one, ones, that, those的用法
栏目名称
专题辅导
供稿老师
审稿老师
录入
杨金花
一校
康纪云
二校
审核
摘自中学生英语园地
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