1. that可引导限制性定语从句,用于指代人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语
Do you know the boy that is standing over there?
你认识站在那里的男孩子吗?
【that指代人(the boy),在从句中作主语】
She is no longer the girl that she used to be.
她已经不是以前的那个女孩子了。
【that指代人(the girl),在从句中作表语。】
I can describe the person that I saw.
我可以描述我见到的那个人。
【that 指代人(the person),在从句中作宾语。】
I can bring the wine that my mother bought.
我可以带上我妈买的酒。
【that 指代物(the wine),在从句中作宾语】
2. that在从句中作宾语时可省略
I can describe the person (that) I saw.
我可以描述我见到的那个人。(that作动词saw的宾语)
I can bring the wine (that) my mother bought.
我可以带上我妈买的酒。
We want to get out of the mess (that) you got us into.
我们想尽快摆脱你给我们带来的麻烦事。(that作介词into的宾语)
3. that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不可提前至that前,因为that不可紧跟在介词后
We want to get out of the mess that you got us into. (√)
We want to get out of the mess into that you got us. (×)
4. that只能引导限制性定语从句,不可引导非限制性定语从句
The house that we built is there.
我们建的房子在那里。(√)
The house, that we built, is there.
房子在那里,是我们建的。(×)
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