2020考研英语（一）大作文终极预测（下）

摘自《2020考研英语（一）高分写作考前预测20篇》

（王江涛编著，浙江教育出版社）

05

社会热点类：诚信/职业道德

Directions:

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

1)describe the drawing briefly.

2)explain its intended meaning, and

3)give you comments.

预测范文

As is shown in the cartoon, in a balance, the gold of “Benefit” carries more weights than the heart of “Honesty”. In the middle of the balance, a person is sliding toward “benefit”. Honesty is the most important characteristic that a person requires to be successful in life. Only by consistently providing to be honest can a person earn the precious trust of family members and business partners.

Trust is the basis of all successful relationships and honesty is the only quality that can provide that foundation. To illustrate, in the business world, people with no integrity sooner or later earn the bad reputation they deserve. I know a person who will seize any opportunity that could be profitable, and will use any means to try to achieve his financial goals. I have observed how destructive this person’s dishonesty has been to his career for success, and how his relationships with other people are purely superficial, based only on self-interest.

Sometimes lying may be much easier than telling the truth. Trust is a very valuable asset, which is easy to lose but hard to gain. In the long run, an honest person may not be wealthy, but they will have earned the love and respect of the people closest to them, which, in my opinion, is the greatest measure of a successful life.

参考译文

如图所示，在一只天平上，“利益”之金重于“诚信”之心。在天平中央，一个人正滑向“利益”。一个人若想人生有成，应具备的最重要的特征就是诚信。一个人只有坚定不移地做到诚信，才能赢得家人和商业伙伴的宝贵信任。

信任是一切感情成功的基础，诚信又是奠定这一基础的唯一品质。例如，在商界，没有诚信的人迟早都会落个身败名裂，这也是活该。我认识一个人，他会抓住一切赚钱的机会；为了达到发财致富的目标，他会不择手段。我亲眼目睹了这个人用欺骗毁掉了自己成功的机会，他与别人的关系统统是以个人利益为基础，因而纯粹是肤浅的。

有时候，说谎可能比说实话容易得多。信任是一份十分珍贵的财富，失去容易获得难。从长远看，一个诚实的人可能不会富有，但他将赢得周围人的爱戴和尊敬。在我看来，这就是衡量成功人生的最重要标准。

亮点词汇

Balance天平 gold黄金 benefit利益 carry more weight than 重于 honesty诚信 middle中央Slide滑 characteristic性格 require需要 consistently不断地 precious珍贵的 trust信任 partner伙伴 basis基础 relationship关系 quality质量 foundation基础 to illustrate例如Integrity诚信 sooner or later或迟或早 earn赢得 reputation声誉 deserve应得的 seize抓住 Profitable赢利的 means方式 financial经济的goal目标 observe目睹 destructive破坏性的 Dishonesty欺诈 career职业 purely纯粹地 superficial表面的 base on基于 self-interest个人利益 lie撒谎 truth真相 valuable宝贵的 asset财富 hard很难 in the long run长期看来 wealthy富有的 closest最亲密的 in my opinion在我看来 measure标准

道长点评

国内考试写作部分已经五次考察与“诚信”相关的话题，分别是2003年1月大学英语四级考试真题“It Pays to Be Honest”（诚实是值得的），2012年12月大学英语六级考试真题“On Maintaining Trust”（保持信任），以及2018年6月六级考试三道真题 “Building Trust”(建立信任)。

经典句型

1. The relationship between a husband and wife must be based on honesty above all, as without the trust based on unfailing honesty, a true partnership cannot exist.

夫妻关系必须首先建立在诚信的基础上，而信任又是以坚定不移的诚信为基础，如果没有这份信任，夫妻间就不会有真正的伙伴关系。

2. A parent’s relationship with his children must also be based on trust and integrity.

父母与子女的关系同样也必须建立在信任与诚信的基础之上。

3. Unfortunately, because they have witnessed his business tactics, none of his so-called friends actually trust him and none would cooperate with him, even on the smallest project.

遗憾的是，他的商业伎俩大家都见过，没有一个所谓的朋友真正信任他，也没有人愿意跟他合作，哪怕是最小的项目也不行。

06

环境保护类

Directions:　　

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

1)describe the drawing briefly.

2)explain its intended meaning, and

3)give you comments.

预测范文

The human history has been considered as a course of man’s migration from the country to the city, so urbanization is seen as the symbol of human civilization. Nevertheless, as is shown in the cartoon, as we enjoy the conveniences of urban life, we also have to suffer many problems that urbanization brings to us. Among them, the environmental pollution is one of the most serious.

To begin with, the explosion of city population causes harm to our natural environment. The growing urban population damages the ecosystem with a huge amount of household rubbish. Rubbish hills dumped on the outskirts are a case in point. Even if people bury or burn the waste, it may bring about soil or air pollutions. Furthermore, hundreds of tons of waste water from factories are contaminating city rivers day and night. Gone are the days when people enjoyed swimming in the river and fishing on the bank. Sometimes, worse still, untreated sewage pouring from chemical factories poisons directly urban water supply. Drinkable water has become a rare resource, and people have to take in somewhat polluted water. Then one of its results has been the emergence of many new diseases and more and more cancer cases.

Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to control urbanization. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that sustainable development is extremely vital to us.

参考译文

人类历史就是人类从乡村迁移到城市的过程，因此城市化被视为人类文明的象征。然而，如图所示，在我们享受城市便利的同时，我们也不得不承受城市化带来的很多问题。环境污染是其中最严重的问题。

首先，城市人口爆炸破坏了我们的自然环境。日益增长的城市人口以堆积如山的家庭垃圾破坏了生态系统。一个恰当的例子就是倾倒在郊区的垃圾山。即使人们填埋或焚烧垃圾，也能导致土壤或空气污染。此外，成百上千吨工业废水日夜污染者城市河流。人们享受在河中游泳，岸上垂钓的日子一去不返。有时更糟的是，化工厂未经处理的废水直接毒害了城市供水。饮用水已成为稀缺资源，人们不得不饮用多少污染的水源。后果之一就是很多新型疾病的蔓延以及越来越多的癌症患者。

因此，我们继续采取严厉措施。一方面，我们应该呼吁政府制定严格的法律来控制城市化。另一方面，我们应该提高人们的意识：可持续发展对我们至关重要。

亮点词汇

be considered as被认为是 course过程 migration迁移 urbanization都市化 symbol象征 civilization文明 nevertheless然而 cartoon漫画 convenience便利 urban都市的 suffer遭受 environmental环境的 pollution污染 to begin with首先 explosion爆炸 population人口 cause harm造成破坏 natural environment自然环境 growing日益增长的 damage破坏 ecosystem生态系统 a huge amount of大量的 household家庭 rubbish垃圾 dump倾倒 outskirt郊区 a case in point一个恰当的例子 even if即使 bury掩埋 burn燃烧 waste垃圾 soil土壤 hundreds of成百上千的 waste water废水 factory工厂 contaminate污染 day and night日以继夜 gone are the days一去不返 bank河岸 worse still更糟的是 untreated未经处理的 sewage废水 pour倾倒 chemical化工的 poison毒害 directly直接 supply供应 drinkable可饮用的 rare稀缺的 take in吸收 somewhat多少 polluted污染的 emergence蔓延 disease疾病 cancer癌症 case病例 accordingly因此 imperative急切的 take measures采取措施 drastic严厉的 appeal to呼吁 authority政府 make strict laws制定严格的法律 control控制 enhance the awareness提高意识 sustainable可持续的 extremely非常 vital重要的

道长点评

除考研写作曾于1991年考察“Where to Live——in the City or the Country”(住在哪里——住在城里还是乡下)这一城市化话题之外，国内其他写作考试也曾多次考察，如1998年专业八级写作真题“One Major Problem in the Process of Urbanization”（城市化进程中的一个主要问题）等。

经典句型

1. Unfortunately, however, on balance it would seem that human activity has caused more harm than good to the Earth and its inhabitants, both human and animal.

但令人遗憾的是，总的来看，人类活动给地球以及地球上居住的生物（包括人类和动物）带来的危害要大于好处。

2.  Sadly, one is led to the conclusion that human activity has caused more harm to the Earth than making the Earth a better place to live.

可悲的是，由此人们只能得出一个结论，即人类活动更多的是在破坏地球，而不是在改善地球的居住环境。

3. Ironically, the activities given as examples here are meant to improve human life, by the products produced, but due to careless usage and methods, they have damaged the Earth in the process.

具有讽刺意味的是，以上列举的生产活动原本是要通过生产出的产品来改善人们的生活，但由于各种滥用资源行为的存在，这些活动又给地球造成了破坏。

● 2020考研英语（一）小作文终极预测（上）

● 2020考研英语（一）小作文终极预测（中）

● 2020考研英语（一）大作文终极预测（上）

● 2020考研英语（一）大作文终极预测（中）

● 2020考研英语（二）小作文终极预测（上）

● 2020考研英语（二）小作文终极预测（中）

● 2020考研英语（二）大作文终极预测（上）

● 2020考研英语（二）大作文终极预测（中）

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