在现代社会,失眠已成为一个日益严重的问题。根据 2022 年中国睡眠研究会等机构发布的《2022 中国国民健康睡眠白皮书》,近三分之二的受访者曾经历过睡眠困扰,其中入睡困难成为首要问题。
有研究发现,睡眠时间低于 7 个小时或超过 8 个小时,由心脑血管疾病、癌症等各位疾病导致的死亡率,都会显著提升。[8]
也就是说,长期睡眠不足 7 个小时,不仅会影响我们的日常生活,还会对我们的身心健康产生深远的影响。那么,这些影响具体包括哪些方面呢?今天就来详细说说。
图源:unsplash.com 摄影师:Kinga Howard
睡不够,这些变化立即就会发生
更具体地说,24 小时的睡眠不足,可以产生与血液酒精浓度为 0.1% 的个体相当的认知障碍。[2]要知道血液酒精浓度超过 0.08% 就属于醉酒驾驶了!
长期睡不够,身体会发生这些变化
1
增加偏头痛发病率
2
增加心脑血管疾病风险
3
影响心理健康
4
加速大脑衰老
5
缩短预期寿命
如何调整睡眠?
参考文献
[1] Lo JC, Chong PL, Ganesan S, et al. Sleep deprivation increases formation of false memory. J Sleep Res. 2016;25(6):673-682.
[2]Lamond N, Dawson D. Quantifying the performance impairment associated with fatigue. J Sleep Res. 1999;8(4):255-262.
[3]Evbayekha EO, Aiwuyo HO, Dilibe A, et al. Sleep Deprivation Is Associated With Increased Risk for Hypertensive Heart Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Cureus. 2022;14(12):e33005.
[4]Hertenstein E, Benz F, Schneider C, Baglioni C. Insomnia-A risk factor for mental disorders [published online ahead of print, 2023 May 22]. J Sleep Res. 2023;e13930.
[5]Neckelmann D, Mykletun A, Dahl AA. Chronic insomnia as a risk factor for developing anxiety and depression. Sleep. 2007;30(7):873-880.
[6]Zaheed AB, Chervin RD, Spira AP, et al. Mental and physical health pathways linking insomnia symptoms to cognitive performance 14 years later. Sleep. 2023;46(3):zsac262.
[7]Huang BH, Del Pozo Cruz B, Teixeira-Pinto A, Cistulli PA, Stamatakis E. Influence of poor sleep on cardiovascular disease-free life expectancy: a multi-resource-based population cohort study. BMC Med. 2023;21(1):75.[8]Majid MS1, Ahmad HS, et al. The effect of vitamin D supplement on the score and quality of sleep in 20-50 year-old people with sleep disorders compared with control group. Nutr Neurosci, 2018, 21(7):511-519.[9]Huang YM, Xia W, Ge YJ, et al. Sleep duration and risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease: A dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies comprising 3.8 million participants. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9:907990.
[8] Li, W., Wang, D., Cao, S., Yin, X., Gong, Y., Gan, Y., Zhou, Y., & Lu, Z. (2016). Sleep duration and risk of stroke events and stroke mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. International Journal of Cardiology, 223, 870-876.
策划制作
作者丨蒋永源 第三军医大学内科硕士
审核丨唐芹 中华医学会科学普及部主任 研究员
策划丨林林
责编丨林林
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