区别辨析drag、draw、pull、haul、tug、tow与jerk

drag、draw、pull、haul、tug、tow与jerk都有“拖、拉”之意。

drag : 指沿斜坡而上或水平方向缓慢地拖或拉十分沉重的人或物。作借喻时可指把人硬拉扯过来。

• Pick the chair up instead of dragging it behind you!
  把椅子拿起来，不要在地上拖！
• She dragged the canoe down to the water.
  她把独木舟拉到水边。
• She had to drag her kids away from the toys.
  她不得不把孩子从玩具店硬拉出来。
• I really had to drag myself out of bed this morning.
  今天早上我真是硬撑着从床上爬了起来。

draw : 指将人或物朝出力者的方向拖，不涉及力的大小，含平稳意味，常作借喻用。

• She drew her coat tightly around her shoulders.
  她在肩膀处把外衣拉紧。
• The crowd watched as the referee drew the player aside/to one side and spoke to him.
  人们看到裁判把那名运动员带到一边和他说了些什么。

pull : 最普通用词，包含本组其它各词的一些意思，可指朝各个方向拉，侧重一时或突然拉动的动作。

• Could you help me move this bookcase over there? You pull and I'll push.
  你能帮我把这个书柜移到那边去吗？你拉我推。
• He pulled the chair away from the desk.
  他把椅子从书桌旁拉开。
• He pulled the heavy box across the floor to the door.
  他把地上那个沉重的箱子一直拖到门口。
• He pulled the door open.
  他拉开了门。
• The car was pulling a caravan.
  那辆小汽车正在拖一辆有篷卡车。
• The sun was so strong we had to pull down the blinds.
  阳光太强烈了，我们不得不拉下百叶窗。
• She pulled out the drawer.
  她拉开了抽屉。

haul : 指用力拖或拉，不涉及方向，多作航海用词。

• They hauled the boat out of the water.
  他们把船拉上了岸。
• She hauled herself up into the tree.
  她费劲地爬上了树。
• FBI agents hauled away boxes of records.
  FBI特工拉走了几箱记录。
• The police hauled him off to jail in front of his whole family.
  警察当着他全家人的面把他拖走，投入了监狱。

tug : 多指一阵阵地用力拖或拉，但不一定使被拉的人或物移动。

• Tom tugged at his mother's arm.
  汤姆拽着妈妈的胳膊。
• She tugged at his sleeve to get his attention.
  她拽了拽他的袖子引起他的注意。
• a sad story that tugs at your heartstrings (= makes you feel sad)
  令人心酸的故事
• The baby was tugging her hair.
  婴儿直扯她的头发。
• He tugged the door open.
  他用力拉开了门。

tow : 特指用绳子或链条等拖或拉本身无动力或无法使用自身动力的东西。

• You shouldn't drive fast when your car is towing a caravan.
  汽车拖活动房屋时不能开快车。
• The road was closed while the vehicles that had been involved in the accident were towed away/off.
  在发生交通事故的车辆被拖走时，这条道路封闭。
• The damaged boat was towed to safety.
  受损船只被拖至安全区。

jerk : 指快而突然地拉。

• The car made a strange noise and then jerked to a halt.
  汽车发出一声怪响，接着猛然停住了。
• 'What's wrong?' she asked, jerking her head up.
  “怎么了？”她猛地扬起头问道。