如何比99%人讲话更精确。[1]
视频介绍了如何让人比99%的人讲话更精确。包括了升级主力词汇、使用口语词典和聊天GPT提示以及创建摘录本的秘诀。通过这些技巧，可以提高我们表达力和口语精确度，也能使句子更加生动有趣。
主力词汇是我们在口语中过度使用的常见而模糊的词汇。我们需要选择一个经常过度使用的主力词汇，然后再去找到一个更具有表达力的替代词去替换它。
口语词典是一个包含了更精确和有表达力的普通词汇替代词的列表。我们可以通过查阅口语词典来找到适合的替代词。
摘录本是一个收集了我们在日常生活中遇到的每一个智慧短语或精炼词组的地方。我们可以通过经常翻看它并用于日常对应场合，来提高我们的语言表达能力。
填充词如'嗯'、'一个'、'像'等会打断表达的流畅度。在开始讲话前，先闭口思考要说的词，避免口头禅和填充词的出现。
在解释观点时，避免重复或过度使用相同的词语。修剪冗余反复的词可以使语言更清晰明确。
加强剂，如'真的'、'实际上'、'几乎'等，会给句子增加不确定性，贬低词汇的含义。所以尽量减少使用加强剂。
当你听到词语的结尾时，你会更加关注自己在说什么，从而使言辞更加谨慎。
将食指和拇指捏在一起，可以帮助你专注于减少言语中的冗余反复和加强剂的影响。也可以使用脚趾头在鞋子里蜷缩的方法帮助提醒自己注意言辞。
1The first of three secrets that will aid you in speaking better than 99% of people is to upgrade your workhorse words. Workhorse words are common and vague words that we overwork to the point of exhaustion in our speech. Here's a visualizer to understand this: the horizontal axis plots how common to uncommon a word is, and the vertical axis plots how vague to precise a word is. Workhorse words are words that fall within this radius.
成为比99%的人更好的说话者的三个秘诀之一是升级您的主力词汇（常用高频词汇）。主力词汇是我们在口语中过度使用的常见而模糊的词汇。
以下是一个可视化工具，帮助您理解：水平轴表示词汇的常见到不常见，垂直轴表示词汇的模糊到精确。主力词汇词汇是在这个范围内的词汇。
2 For example, we might describe a meal as 'good.' 'Good' is a workhorse word. A movie might also be 'good,' and a vacation might be 'good' too. We collapse the rich, dynamic nature of life and the world around us into a vague, cheap adjective. Articulate speakers select words that are sourced from within this radius. These are moderately precise words that are beyond the common vocabulary of most people. Certainly, we recognize these words, but we don't employ them in our speech. If I were to ask you to describe a coworker's attitude, you might tell me that they were 'cool' or 'nice.' A more precise description might be to say they were 'considerate,' 'approachable,' or 'cordial.”
例如，我们可能会将一顿饭描述为“好吃”。'好吃'是一个常用的词汇。电影也可能是'好看'，假期也可能是'好玩'，我们只是将生活和周围世界的丰富、动态性折叠成了一个模糊而廉价的形容词。
而善于表达的人会选择那些来自这个范围之外的词汇。这些词汇是大多数人的常用词汇之外的中等精确程度的词汇。当我让您描述一个同事的态度时，您可能会告诉我他们很酷或很好。
一个更精确的描述可能是说他们很体贴、易于接近或友好。
3 I've been able to replace my Workhorse words with words of greater power and precision by following four steps. Step number one is to select a Workhorse word that you know you employ excessively in your speaking. To help you with this, I've aggregated the most common Workhorse words into a PDF that is accessible below this video. Let's say we want to enrich the word 'good'. After selecting a high volume Workhorse word, identify the context in which the word is commonly used. For example, are you using 'good' to describe an attribute, food, a person, a project, or an experience? Let's imagine we're referencing food. Step three is to find an articulate alternative using one of two methods.
通过以下四个步骤，我能够用更有力和精确的词汇替换我的主力词。
第一步，是选择一个您知道在口语中过非常频繁使用的主力词。为了帮助您，我已经将最常见的主力词整理成了一份PDF，可在视频下方访问。假设我们想丰富'好'这个词汇。
第二步，选择了一个高频率的主力词之后，确定这个词汇通常在哪个语境中使用。例如，您是用'好'来描述食物、一个人、一个项目还是一次经历？让我们先假设我们正在以描述食物为例。
第三步是找到一个有表达力的替代词，有两种方法可供选择。
4 Method one is to use the Well-Spoken Thesaurus, which I'll link to for free below this video. The Well-Spoken Thesaurus is an exhaustive list of more precise and articulate substitutes for ordinary words.The second method is to use one of the following Chat GPT prompts, also provided below. One of these provides you with articulate alternatives to your 'Workhorse' word based on the context in which you would use it, such as in describing food. The other prompt provides you with a list of examples from novels where characters use rich, dynamic, and varied descriptions of your 'Workhorse' word.
第一种方法是使用《说话得体的词典》（Well-Spoken Thesaurus），我会在视频下方免费提供链接。《说话得体的词典》是一个详尽的列表，列出了普通词汇的更精确和更有表达力的替代词。
第二种方法是使用以下聊天GPT提示之一，也在视频下方提供。其中一个根据您使用的主力词的上下文提供了有表达力的替代词，比如描述食物的词。另一个提示提供了小说中人物会使用的丰富、动态和多样化的描述例子。
5 The goal is to find a word or expression that you're comfortable with using and consider featuring that on your phone lock screen as a reminder. Step four is to use your voice to punch up the 'Workhorse' word to increase your awareness of it. Good, good, good. You want yourself to become sensitized to the word to the point where you become aware of your tendency to default/fall to it just before it happens. This four-step process invites the question, 'How will I keep track of everything?' This leads me to the second secret that will put you in the top 1% of articulators.
目标是找到一个您习惯使用并考虑将其作为手机锁屏的提示的词或表达。第四步是用您的声音强调主力词，来增加您对它的意识。
您希望自己对这个词变得敏感，以至于在它出现之前，您会意识到自己倾向于默认使用它。不过这四步骤的过程引发了一个问题，那就是我如何跟踪去使用所有这些。
这使我想起了使您成为最顶级的表达者之一的第二个秘诀。
6 If you watch the interviews of some of history's greatest wordsmiths, you begin to notice patterns in their language. Specifically, you'll notice the repetition of particular creative phrases and expressions. For example, Reverend Martin Luther King would frequently use phrases such as 'cosmic significance,' 'rabble-rousers and agitators,' and 'depths and dimensions of the problem.' Thomas Jefferson often employed phrases like 'human life of happiness' and 'incomprehensible machine of man.' Muhammad Ali would frequently say 'style, stamina, and system.' What you realize is that most intelligent phrases and expressions aren't generated on the fly; rather, they are preassembled in advance and activated in speech, creating almost an artificial articulacy. From Rean to Roosevelt to Churchill to Cicero, many of history's greatest articulators used a similar technique. That technique is called the commonplace book.
如果您观看一些历史上最伟大的言辞家的采访，您会开始注意到他们的语言中的模式。具体来说，您会注意到特定的创意短语和表达的重复。
例如，马丁·路德·金牧师经常使用诸如“宇宙意义”、“扰乱者和煽动者”、“问题的深度和维度”等短语。
托马斯·杰斐逊经常使用诸如“人类幸福的生活”、“人类难以理解的机器”等短语。穆罕默德·阿里经常说“风格、耐力和系统”。
您会意识到，大多数智慧的短语和表达并非即兴创作，而是事先组合好并在演讲中激活的。从罗斯福、丘吉尔到西塞罗，许多历史上最伟大的表达者都使用了类似的技巧，这个技巧被称为“摘录本”。
7 The commonplace book is an aggregate of every clever phrase or concise word combination that you encounter, which you wish to absorb into your own speaking. I've kept a physical commonplace book for some years now, and I've recently migrated it to Google Docs. Here's my current commonplace book. I can't reveal all the contents, but we can preview the structure. I have divided it into 13 sections that represent different facets of my life, from technology to politics to social media, religion, and language. Each section features creative word combinations, jokes, analogies, metaphors, and quotes.
摘录本是一个集合了你遇到的每个智慧短语或简洁词组的地方，那里是你希望将其吸收到自己的言辞中的词。
我多年来一直保留着一本实体的摘录本，最近将其迁移到了Google Docs。这是我目前的摘录本。我不能透露全部内容，但我们可以预览一下结构。
我将其分为13个部分，代表了我生活的不同方面，从技术到政治、社交媒体、宗教和语言等等。每个部分都包含了创意的词组、笑话、类比、隐喻和引用。
8 This table here…For example, tracks my 'Workhorse' words and the articulate alternatives I'm attempting to work into my speech. I read through this entire document once a week, and that frequency is based on Benjamin Franklin, who also kept a commonplace book and would review his every Sunday. This template I've created for myself can be found below this video. What a commonplace book allows you to do is develop a bank of rich word combinations that you can use to assemble articulate thoughts. When we speak, for most of us, the average sentence looks something like this: it's rather dull and flat, peppered with ums and a-z cliché expressions and all kinds of vapid, vague Kirkland brand language. We occasionally add color to our sentences by using unordinary and creative word combinations.
这个表格是……例如，跟踪我要努力融入我的言辞中的主力词和有表达力的替代词。我每周都会阅读整个文档一次，这个频率是基于本杰明·富兰克林的习惯，他也保留一本摘录本，并在每个星期日回顾一次。
我为自己创建的这个模板可以在视频下方找到。摘录本也可以让您开发一个丰富的词组库，可以用来重新组装有表达力的思想（想法）。
当我们说话时，对于我们大多数人来说，普通的句子看起来是相当乏味和平淡的，而且充斥着“嗯”“啊”还有许多陈词滥调，以及各种平庸、模糊的语言。
我们可以尝试偶尔使用不寻常和有创意的词组来给句子增添色彩。
9 But that's rare. There's, of course, nothing wrong with speaking in this way. For 99% of people, this is our communication default. But there's no denying that those who use fresh words to engineer well-constructed, colorful thoughts give their sentences an articulate heartbeat that is engaging and pleasurable to listen to. Imagine an idea that might take you two sentences to communicate that you've collapsed into a three-word phrase and now added to your commonplace book. When you enter the realm of conversation pertaining to that idea, you can begin to employ the contents of your commonplace book. Instead of vaguely saying someone did a bad thing, your tongue selects 'grave injustice.' That opinion becomes a school of thought. Someone who is extremely sad can be dealing with soul-destroying anguish.
但这种情况是很少见的。当然，以普通的方式说话也没有任何问题。对于99%的人来说，这是我们的交流的默认方式。
但不可否认的是，那些用新鲜的词汇来构建构思想和想法的人，会给他们的句子增添了几分生动，使其更具吸引力和愉悦性。
想象一下，一个可能需要用两个句子才能表达的想法，您将其折叠成了一个三个词的短语，并将其添加到您的摘录本中。当您在某个时候，碰巧进入与该想法相关的对话领域时，您刚好可以使用摘录本的内容。
比如，与其含糊其辞地只是说某人做了一件不好的事，您的语言可以选择“严重且不公正”，或是添加其他表达：“那个观点变成了一种思想流派。”或是“一个极度悲伤的人可能正在经历着摧毁灵魂的痛苦。”
10 It depends on the context, of course. These phrases allow you to compose sentences that are more seamless and teeming with color. I want to share one final technique that will aid you in creating lean, crisp sentences. Remember that jagged, broken sentence visualizer that we referenced earlier? That barbed line isn't just the result of using ordinary words and fillers, it's also the result of redundant and bloated language. If you think about the average spoken sentence as a thin line, such as what is illustrated here, bloated language is the fat around your words that makes your sentences feel heavy and greasy.
这当然是取决于上下文的。这些短语让您能够构建更为流畅且富有色彩的句子。然后，我想分享最后一个技巧，它将帮助您创建简洁明了的句子。
记住我们之前提到的那种崎岖、断裂的句子可视化图表，那根带钩的线不仅仅是使用普通词汇和填充词汇的结果，也是多余和臃肿语言的结果。
如果您将普通的口语句子想象为一条细线，就像这里所示的那样，臃肿的语言就是使您的句子感觉沉重而油腻的脂肪。
11 There are three speaking habits that contribute to fatty sentences.
First are fillers. The big five fillers are 'um,' 'a,' 'like,' 'in,' and 'so.' These create tiny bumps in our sentences and break the flow of our delivery.Second, we have redundancy spirals. This is where we double or triple up our words in an attempt to explain an idea. It was a really, really, really hard time. There are an endless, countless, unlimited number of things we can do. I want to read a book and just understand, internalize, and read the information. In these examples, instead of moving forward with the delivery of my thought and covering new ground, I'm retracing previous verbal territory with replications and variations of the same word. You might think I'm being scrupulous here, but pruning redundancy spirals from your speaking is one of the chief contributors to creating clean speech. There's a crisp quality to sentences without it.
有三种说话习惯会导致臃肿的句子：
首先是填充词。常见的五个填充词是“嗯”，“一个”，“像”，“在”和“所以”。（是以英文表达为例，在中文中会有不同）这些词会在我们的句子中造成小小的颠簸，并打断我们的表达流畅度。
其次，我们有冗余螺旋。这是指我们在解释一个观点时重复使用词语的现象。比如“这是一个非常、非常、非常困难的时期，有无数又无限的事情我们可以做，我想读一本书，只是理解、内化并阅读其中的信息和内容。”
在例子中，我并没有推进思想的传递并涉及新的领域，而是重复和变化同一个词语，重新追溯了以前的言辞领域。
你可能认为我在这部分非常细致入微，但是修剪冗余螺旋是创造清晰言辞的主要途径之一。没有冗余螺旋的句子会有一种清晰的质感。
12 In fact, what makes the words of a great articulator so penetrating is the amount of effort they've put into unlearning poor speech habits, like redundancy spirals.And finally, the third type of fatty language: intensifiers. Intensifiers are empty words that we use to cushion our adjectives in sentences. Examples include 'kind of,' 'sort of,' 'actually,' 'really,' 'basically,' 'virtually,' 'totally,' 'literally,' 'super,' 'pretty much.'
事实上，使得出色的表达者的言辞如此深入人心的原因是他们付出了大量的努力去消除不良的言辞习惯，比如冗余螺旋。
最后，第三种多余的语言类型是加强剂。加强剂是我们用来缓和句子中形容词的空洞词语。例如，“有点儿”，“有些”，“实际上”，“真的”，“基本上”，“实际上”，“完全”，“真正地”，“超级”，“几乎”等。
13 Our trip was really fantastic. I literally just saw them at the store. I kind of want to go to that Mediterranean restaurant. The trouble with intensifiers is that they pad our sentences with uncertainty and cheapen the meaning of our words. It's not enough to say an event was fantastic; it has to be pretty fantastic to be fantastic. None of these fatty language habits are word crimes against humanity. 99% of us communicate using bloated language, including myself. But if you want to achieve greater exactness with your speaking, I suggest three actions. Number one is to keep your mouth closed until you've defined your starting words. The most vulnerable moment, particularly fulfilling our words, is at the start of our sentences. Keeping your mouth closed prevents your brain from defaulting to that initial 'um' that your mind so desperately wants you to lead with. As it relates to redundancy spirals.
“我们的旅行真是太棒了。我刚刚在商店里见到他们。我有点想去那家地中海餐厅。”
使用强调词的问题在于它们给我们的句子增加了不确定性，贬低了我们的词汇的含义。仅仅说一个事件很棒是不够的，它必须相当棒才能算是棒极了。这些肥胖的语言习惯都不是对人类的语言罪行。
我们中有99%的人使用废话和臃肿的语言进行交流，包括我自己。但是，如果您想在说话时达到更高的准确性，我建议采取三个步骤。
首先，在定义好起始词汇之前请保持闭口。最脆弱的时刻，特别是在履行我们的承诺时，尤其是我们句子开始的时候。闭口可以防止大脑默认使用您的思想如此渴望的那个初始的“嗯”作为开场白。
关于冗余螺旋的，也是与之相关。
14 And intensifiers, the best solution I found is simply awareness. The challenge is, how do we keep our mind focused on stripping our sentences of bloated language without taking away cognitive horsepower from communicating our thoughts? I noticed this when I was modifying my own speaking behaviors, and I invented two solutions. One is to process the endings of your words. When you hear the endings of your words, you can't help but focus on what it is you're saying. This results in more calculated speech. The second solution is to create a finger tab. This practice consists of pinching your index finger and thumb together as a way of keeping your mind focused on reducing redundancy, spirals, and intensifiers in your speaking. When you create that pinch and you hold it as you speak, that mild discomfort creates an open tab in your mind that causes you to audit your speech more carefully. If I'm gesticulating a lot with my hands, what I will often do as an alternative to the finger tab is scrunch my toes in my shoes. You only have to do this until you retrain your mind to speak more precisely. Every method discussed in this video I've assembled into a free PDF linked below for easy review. Let's make this generation one of the most well-spoken in the history of humanity. Thanks for watching and consider subscribing.
还有加强剂，我发现最好的解决方案就是意识。挑战在于我们如何保持专注力来去除臃肿语言，而不会减弱传达思想的认知能力，当我修改自己的说话行为时，我注意到了这一点，并想出了两种解决方案。
一种是处理词语的结尾。当你听到词语的结尾时，你会忍不住关注于自己在说什么。这会导致更加谨慎的言辞。
第二种解决方案是创建一个手指标签。这种做法是将食指和拇指捏在一起，以保持思维专注于减少言语中的冗余、螺旋和加强剂。
当你捏住它并在说话时保持住，那种轻微的不适会在你的思维中打开一个标签，使你更加仔细地审查自己的言辞。
如果我用手大力地做手势，作为手指标签的替代方法，我经常会用脚趾头在鞋子里蜷缩。你只需要这样做，直到重新训练思维以说话更准确为止。
视频中讨论的每一种方法我都整理成了一份免费的PDF，视频下面有链接，方便查阅。愿我们使我们这一代成为人类历史上说话最好的一代之一。感谢观看，感谢订阅。
下次见。
视频提到的文本模版及pdf书籍资料👇:
如何比99%人讲话更精确资源链接（仅学习使用）：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ku6kntVusn65bum704yimg?pwd=26b2
如何比99%人讲话更精确。: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Tz4y1F7oy/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=1d44f7f1239b6bab3592038d5e406da0
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