瞬间性动词变延续性动词
瞬间动词:形容一瞬间完成的动作:如,到达(arrive),开始(begin)等
短暂性动词:形容短时间完成的动作:如,吃(eat),等
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
瞬间动词,也叫终止性、结束性动词。表示动作的结果,或表示短暂性、一次性的动作。如:close, leave, buy, join, become, begin, fall(掉下),fall ill(病倒),get to(know), come, go, see, hear, hear from, catch a cold等。这类动词可以用于完成时,但在一般情况下,不能加上表示一段时间的状语或疑问词。但是在否定句中,瞬间动词也可以和表示一段时间的状语、连词连用,它的含义是好长时间没进行这个动作了,没进行此动作的状态就可以延续。
a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.
3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher?
4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.
5、用wear代替put on
b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill
3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代get up
3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to
4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there
d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to
常用的就是:leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on, die→be dead, move to→live in, finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of, open sth.→keep sth. open, fall ill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have a cold。
注意:终止性动词若需要表示一段时间,英语中须用替换词来替换该类动词。如:
come be here
leave be away
die be dead
begin be on
open be open
buy have had
join a member of
arrive be here
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