千古奇文《千字文》的英文版,翻译成英语也同样震撼。
《千字文》是中国一部重要的蒙学读物,传唱至今。其具体内容分开天辟地、修身养性、国家治理和田园生活四部分,取韵文形式、四字建行,语言精炼、声韵优美。
本文所采用的译本则出自国内学者王宝童先生之手。王宝童先生曾说:“英译因受英语语法和本人功力制约(例如不可能只用一次冠词、助动词或某些起连贯或加强作用的词语),无法用1000个不重复的音节甚至单词表达。” 但是如果做不到对应那就不是《千字文》了。事虽难,但并非不可为。本文节选了一小部分,让我们来看看王先生的翻译。
第一部分 开天辟地
tiān dì xuán huáng yǔ zhòu hóng huāng rì yuè yíng zè chén xiù liè zhāng 【解释】天是青黑色的,地是黄色的,宇宙形成于混沌蒙昧的状态中。太阳正了又斜,月亮圆了又缺,星辰布满在无边的太空中。
The darkling skies and yellow earthAmid great chaos had their birth.Then Sun and Moon their courses ran,Then stars were set and round they span.hán lái shǔ wǎng qiū shōu dōng cáng rùn yú chéng suì lǜ lǚ tiáo yáng 【解释】寒暑循环变换,来了又去,去了又来;秋天收割庄稼,冬天储藏粮食。积累数年的闰余并成一个月,放在闰年里;古人用六律六吕来调节阴阳。Then cold and heat arrived by turnsWith reaping, keeping, man's concerns.The extra days in leap years strewn,It's yin and yang that call the tune.yún téng zhì yǔ lù jié wéi shuāng jīn shēng lí shuǐ yù chū kūn gāng 【解释】云气上升遇冷就形成了雨,夜里露水遇冷就凝结成霜。黄金产在金沙江,玉石出在昆仑山岗。When clouds are formed, the rain is made.When dew drops freeze, the frost is laid.The Goldsand streams in gold abound.From Kunlun mountains jade is found.gài cǐ shēn fà sì dà wǔ changgōng wéi jū yǎng qǐ gǎn huǐ shāng【解释】人的身体发肤分属于“四大”,一言一动都要符合“五常”。诚敬的想着父母养育之恩,哪里还敢毁坏损伤它。The four root elements make our form;The five prime virtues set our norm.In reverence think we're bred with care,What shame, great shame, this form to impair!nǚ mù zhēn jié nán xiào cái liáng zhī guò bì gǎi dé néng mò wàng 【解释】女子要仰慕那些持身严谨的贞妇洁女,男子要仿效那些有才能有道德的人。知道自己有过错,一定要改正;适合自己干的事,不要放弃。The fair admire the chaste and pure.The gents must follow the wise and sure.And when we slip we mend our way,And what we learn we keep for aye.gāo guān péi niǎn qū gǔ zhèn yīng 【解释】戴着高大帽子的官员们陪着皇帝出游,驾着车马,帽带飘舞着,好不威风。In tall hats they followed in imperial tours through;With the rolling of carriages the leather straps flew.shì lù chǐ fù chē jià féi qīng cè gōng mào shí lè bēi kè míng 【解释】他们的子孙世代领受俸禄,奢侈豪富,出门时轻车肥马,春风得意。朝廷还详尽确实地记载他们的功德,刻在碑石上流传后世。Great place age-old sees riches pileAnd travels in most luxurious style.Their arts of war and peace well-knownAre praised in inscriptions on bronze or stone.qiú gǔ xún lùn sàn lǜ xiāo yáo xīn zòu lèi qiǎn qī xiè huān zhāo 【解释】探求古人古事,读点至理名言,就可以排除杂念,自在逍遥。轻松的事凑到一起,费力的事丢在一边,消除不尽的烦恼,得来无限的快乐。Exploring what the ancients taught,Whichever way their sweet will caughtWhen joys came in, all worries were out,With sadness gone were smiles about.yì yóu yōu wèi zhǔ ěr yuán qiáng 【解释】汉代王充在街市上沉迷留恋于读书,眼睛注视的全是书袋和书籍。换了轻便的车子要注意危险,说话要防止隔墙有耳。Bazaars have books to catch the eye,In bags or boxes leisurely they lieAbout the spoken words have fears.Be on your guard, for walls have ears.
除此之外,还有很多千古名篇的诗句值得我们学习
三人行,必有我师焉。择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之。Among any three people walking, I will find something to learn for sure. Their good qualities are to be followed, and their shortcomings are to be avoided.士不可以不弘毅,任重而道远。仁以为己任,不亦重乎?死而后己,不亦远乎?An educated gentleman cannot but be resolute and broad-minded, for he has taken up a heavy responsibility and a long course. Is it not a heavy responsibility, which is to practice benevolence? Is it not a long course, which will end only with his death?天降大任于斯人也,必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身,行拂乱其所为,所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能。
Thus, when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man, it first exercises his mind with suffering, and his sinews and bones with toil. It exposes his body to hunger, and subjects him to extreme poverty. It confounds his undertakeings. By all these methods it stimulates his mind, hardens his nature, and supplies his incompetencies.富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能曲,此之谓大丈夫。It is a true great man whom no money and rank can confuse, no poverty and hardship can shake, and no power and force can suffocate.Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies.On seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal; on seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects.The gentleman helps others to achieve their moral perfection but not their evil conduct.君子之交淡如水,小人之交甘如醴。君子淡以亲,小人甘以绝。The friendship between men of virtue is light like water, yet affectionate; the friendship between men without virtue is sweet like wine, yet easily broken.Expend the respect of the aged in one’s family to that of other families; expend the love of the young ones in one’s family to that of other families.Propriety suggests reciprocity. It is not propriety not to give out but to receive, or vice versa.The way ahead is long; I see no ending, yet high and low I’ll search with my will unbending.The passage of time is just like the flow of water, which goes on day and night.Those who follow the Heaven’s law will survive; those who go against it will perish.Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are less important than terrestrial advantages, which in turn are less important than the unity among people.As Heaven’s movement is ever vigorous, so must a gentleman ceaselessly strive along.He who by reviewing the old can gain knowledge of the new and is fit to be a teacher.Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.Never be contented with your study; never be impatient with your teaching.Learning is like rowing upstream: not to advance is to drop back.It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar.As a jade without chiseling will not become a useful object, a man without learning will not know the Way.Consider the past you shall know the futureWhen the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equalHalf of the people who have embarked on a one hundred mile journey may fall by the wayside. / The last part of an endeavor is the hardest to finish. For the ideal that I hold dear to my heart, I will not regret thousand depth to die. No matter how high the mountain is, one can always ascend to its top.My conscience stays untainted in spite of rumors and slanders from the outside.Differences between brothers cannot sever their blood ties.
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