光合菌(简称PSB)，是地球上最早出现具有原始光能合成体系的原核生物，是在厌氧条件下进行不放氧光合作用的细菌的总称，其广泛存在于地球生物圈的各处。 Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB for short) is the first prokaryotic organism with a primitive light energy synthesis system to appear on the earth. It is a general term for bacteria that perform photosynthesis without oxygen emission under anaerobic conditions. They are widely present in the earth's biosphere.
在水产养殖中，能够降解水体中的亚硝酸盐、硫化物等有毒物质，实现充当饵料、净化水质、预防疾病、作为饲料添加剂等功能，它的诸多特性，使其在无公害水产养殖中具有巨大的应用价值。In aquaculture, it can degrade toxic substances such as nitrite and sulfide in the water body, and realize the functions of serving as bait, purifying water quality, preventing disease, and as a feed additive. Its many characteristics make it suitable for pollution-free aquaculture. Huge application value.简单的来说，它就是一种能进行光合作用的细菌，只是与以H2O为供氢体并且产生氧气的植物光合不同，它是以H2S为供氢体，同时不会放出氧气的。Simply put, it is a kind of bacteria that can carry out photosynthesis, but it is different from photosynthesis of plants that use H2O as a hydrogen donor and produce oxygen. It uses H2S as a hydrogen donor and does not emit oxygen at the same time.
硫化氢浓度低时，可以利用硫化氢作供氢体，亦可以利用小分子量的有机物作供氢体，亦可以利用铵盐、氨基酸、硝酸盐作氮源。Use hydrogen sulfide as a hydrogen donor, or use small molecular weight organic matter as a hydrogen donor, or use ammonium salts, amino acids, and nitrates as nitrogen sources.因此，在水体中施放光合细菌可以迅速去除水体中的铵氮、硫化氢、有机物等物质，从而改善水体，净化水质。Therefore, the application of photosynthetic bacteria in the water body can quickly remove the ammonium nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, organic matter and other substances in the water body, thereby improving the water body and purifying the water quality.红螺菌科一类光合细菌本身不能很好利用的淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质等大分子量有机物，因而光合细菌对于进入水体中的大分子量有机物，如动物排泄物、饲料残渣、动物残渣等无法利用。Rhodospirillaceae photosynthetic bacteria can not make good use of starch, fat, protein and other large-molecular-weight organic matter. Therefore, photosynthetic bacteria cannot use the large-molecular-weight organic matter that enters the water body, such as animal excrement, feed residue, and animal residue.所以，光合细菌在污水处理中，只能再异养细菌把大分子量的有机物消化分解成小分子量的有机物后才能利用。Therefore, in sewage treatment, photosynthetic bacteria can only be used after heterotrophic bacteria digest and decompose large-molecular-weight organic matter into small-molecular-weight organic matter.
为了解决光合细菌这些不足，科技人员从自然界中筛选、纯化培养，经过强化复壮培养出能利用大分子有机物养殖动物无病原性的有益的异养细菌。In order to solve these shortcomings of photosynthetic bacteria, scientific and technical personnel screened, purified and cultivated from the natural world, and after strengthening and rejuvenating, cultivated beneficial heterotrophic bacteria that can use macromolecular organic matter to breed animals without pathogenicity.从不同品种的芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、酵母菌、放线菌、硫化菌等，这些细胞具有强大的生命力和旺盛的繁殖力，能适应各种不良的环境。From different species of bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes, sulfobacteria, etc., these cells have strong vitality and vigorous reproduction, and can adapt to various unfavorable environments.这些细菌有好氧的、艳阳的以及兼性厌氧的，他们能把大分子量有机物质，如淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质、磷脂等分解成小分子量有机物，并由细菌吸收利用。These bacteria are aerobic, sunny and facultative anaerobic. They can decompose large-molecular-weight organic substances, such as starch, fat, protein, and phospholipids, into small-molecular-weight organic substances, which are absorbed and utilized by the bacteria.这一过程中，细菌取得能量并因大量繁殖而数量增加。另一方面，能阿布有机物分解消化，使水质得到净化。In this process, bacteria gain energy and increase in number due to mass reproduction. On the other hand, Abu organic matter can be decomposed and digested to purify the water quality.
复合型光合细菌其实就是根据这一原理，应用不同的菌株组成以光合细菌为主的复合型光合细菌。Compound photosynthetic bacteria are actually based on this principle, using different strains to compose composite photosynthetic bacteria, mainly photosynthetic bacteria.在复合型光合细菌中，异细菌把大分子量的有机物分解成小分子量的有机物，然后被光合细菌所利用吸收，而光合细菌的组成作用为其他细菌的作用提供支持，行程相互依赖、共荣共存的关系。Among the complex photosynthetic bacteria, heterobacteria decompose large-molecular-weight organic matter into small-molecular-weight organic matter, which is then used and absorbed by photosynthetic bacteria. The composition of photosynthetic bacteria provides support for the actions of other bacteria, and their journeys depend on each other and coexist. Relationship.而且复合型光合细菌由于不同菌株组合可以发挥不同作用，可以发挥集团军作战的功能，从而克服光合细菌单一品种、适应性差、应用面有局限的缺点；Moreover, the composite photosynthetic bacteria can play different roles due to different strain combinations, and can play the function of the group army, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of a single species of photosynthetic bacteria, poor adaptability, and limited application.
因而，复合型光合细菌可以发挥不同菌株的协同作用，加快了有机物的分解速度，能把水体中的有机物快速而彻底地分解掉，减少有机物在水体的沉积，减少有害细菌的繁殖；Therefore, the composite photosynthetic bacteria can exert the synergistic effect of different strains, accelerate the decomposition rate of organic matter, can quickly and completely decompose the organic matter in the water body, reduce the deposition of organic matter in the water body, and reduce the reproduction of harmful bacteria;从而提高水体质量，维持良好的生态环境，减少疾病发生。由于多种功能细菌混合成一体，相互依赖，共荣共存，可以更加利于长时间保存，从而提高产品质量。Thereby improving the quality of water bodies, maintaining a good ecological environment, and reducing the occurrence of diseases. Since multiple functional bacteria are mixed into one, interdependent, co-existent, it can be more conducive to long-term preservation, thereby improving product quality.
总的来说，复合型光合细菌实在光合细菌的基础上提高了一部，是产品效果进一步提高的升级换代产品，其使用方法与光合细菌一样，但保存期更长，效果更好。In general, the composite photosynthetic bacteria have actually been improved on the basis of photosynthetic bacteria. It is an upgraded product with a further improved product effect. Its use method is the same as that of photosynthetic bacteria, but the shelf life is longer and the effect is better.
