如何做好听后转述之案例分析

听力原文

Hello, everyone. I'm Mary. Do you know how to keep skin healthy? Here are some tips.

First, keep your skin clean. It is very important to keep your hands clean because your hands may spread germs to other parts of your body. You had better wash your face once or twice a day with warm water.

Second, eat fruit and vegetables. Eat fruit and vegetables that are rich in vitamins and nutrition. It's a good idea to eat four to five kinds of fruit and vegetables every day.

Third, drink enough water. Water can make your skin softer and brighter.

Taking good care of your skin can protect you from getting sick.

表格

I've learned how to keep skin healthy from Mary. First, we should...

在做这个听后转述的时候，很多同学得分不高。到底是哪方面出现了问题呢？

我们可以先看一下听后转述的评分标准。 

一般来说，转述的评分包括四个维度：信息完整度、表达准确度、语言流畅度和发音准确度。

具体来讲，信息完整度指的是转述的内容要全，既要包括表格中给出的提示内容，也要加上录音中提及但表格中没有出现的比较重要的细节；表达准确度指的是语言的准确，即语法准确，用法地道；语言流畅度指的是转述要顺畅，中间不能总“磕巴”、停顿太久或者反复回读等；发音准确度不用多说，指的自然是发音的正确和语音语调的恰当。 

这段独白生词很少，而且信息表中的提示也比较全面，因此，学生在信息完整度、语言都流畅和发音准确度三个方面做得都不错。然而，很多人在表达准确度上出现了问题，丢分比较多。这是为什么呢？

不知大家如否注意到，录音独白中是Mary给第二人称“你们”提出的建议，所以主体人称都是you，物主代词也是your。然而，在转述开头给出的句子中，人称发生了变化，现在是“我”从Mary的独白中学到了保持皮肤健康的方法，所以应该用第一人称，I，we, 物主代词也要换成my, our。

听力原文中用到了几个祈使句，表格中出现的都是祈使句。如

keep your skin clean. 

Eat fruit and vegetables. 

Drink enough water.

Make your skin softer and brighter. 

祈使句表示的是对第二人称you提出的建议，命令或者要求，通常省略主语。然而，在转述中，这些方法都是自己学习到的方法，是对我或者我们说的，因此用祈使句就不对了，都应该改成第一人称的句子，在加上合适的情态动词，如，

We should keep our skin clean. 

We should eat fruit and vegetables. 

We should drink enough water. 

We can make our skin softer and brighter. 

当然，这类意思还有一些其它的表达方式，如We'd better do..., We can do...It's important for us to do...等等，我们可以多使用几种，这样也能增加语言的丰富性。 

失分多的学生大多是在转换人称这个方面出现了问题，他们照搬了独白中的祈使句，这样的表达是不准确的。 

因此，我们可以按照以下的参考答案来进行转述：

I've learned how to keep skin healthy from Mary. First, we should keep our skin clean. It is very important to keep our hands clean because they may spread germs to other parts of our body. We had better wash our face once or twice a day with warm water. Second, we should eat fruit and vegetables that are rich in vitamins and nutrition. It's a good idea to eat four to five kinds of fruit and vegetables every day. Third, we should drink enough water. Water can make our skin softer and brighter. Taking good care of our skin can protect us from getting sick.

当然，并不是所有的转述都需要转换人称，我们要具体情况具体分析。需要则转，不需要则不转。因此，用心审题很重要哦！