The following figure gives a simplified overview of the typical oil and gas production process
Figure 1Oil and gas production process
Today oil and gas is produced in almost every part of the world, from small 100 barrel a day small private wells, to large bore 4000 barrel a day wells; in shallow 20meters deep reservoirs to 3000 meter deep wells in more than 2000 meters water depth; In 10,000 dollar onshore wells to 10 billion dollar offshore developments. Despite this range many parts of the process is quite similar in principe.
At the left side, we find the wellheads. They feed into production and test manifolds. In a distributed production system this would be called the gathering system. The remainder of the figure is the actual process, often called the Gas Oil Separation Plant (GOSP). While there are oil or gas only installations, more often the well-stream will consist of a full range of hydrocarbons from gas (methane, butane, propane etc.), to crude oil. With this well flow we will also get a variety of non wanted components such as water, carbon dioxide, salts, sulfur and sand. The purpose of the GOSP is to process the well flow into clean marketable products: oil, natural gas or condensates. Also included are a number of utility systems, not part of the actual process, but providing energy, water, air or some other utility to the plant.
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