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动词不定式用法 1



其实,可以作同位语 

 

如果要表示动词不定式的动作由谁做,可以加for sb。 
 
 
 
 
 

We find it interesting to work with you.
为何这个it后面没有is?
因为find的用法关系。find的用法是,find sb/sth (to be)+n/adj,其中n/adj是宾补。
find后也可接that从句,that可省略,但当find表“发现...处于某种状态/具有某种性质时”,一般不接从句:
You will find it interesting。
You will find it a difficult book。会觉得这是本难以读懂的书。

I found the job boring.

我发现这工作令人厌烦。

He found the door closed.
他发现门关着。
We found him waiting for us at the station.
我们看到他在车站等我们。
We find that it is interesting to work with you.宾语从句,而不定式实际上是从句的主语。

此外,and连接两个不定式时,第二个不定式一般省略to。
He wants to go and have a swim with us。
 
 
动词不定式作定语时,常放在所修饰的名词和代词之后,动宾关系时,如果是不及物动词,不要漏掉句末的介词。I have a small bedroom to live in. I haven't got pens to write with.
There isn't a chair to sit on.

常见的,动词不定式作定语,修饰不定代词。
Who was the first one to arrive?
When is the best time to plant vegetables?


 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 做目的状语,还可以前面加in order。
(In order) to learn English well,she read it every morning. 
to do ,in order to do,可以位于句首/句末。
so as to 只能在句末。
 
 
 
被动语态呢?
主动式
被动式
一般时
(to) cook
(to) be cooked
进行时
(to) be cooking
/
完成时
(to) have cooked
(to) have been cooked
完成进行式
(to) have been cooking
/
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.
It was a great honour to have been invited to the party.


否定式呢?动词前加not 。有的动词前可加副词never/hardly/seldom。
to not do    
to not have done
It's a total shame to not be invited to your wedding. 
It was a total shame to not have been invited to your wedding.

 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
1、动词不定式和疑问词连用,形成整体,可叫做不定式短语,不定式短语作主语宾语表语等。
When and where to hold the party is not known.主语
The problem is where to get a computer.表语
No one knows how to do.宾语

疑问词有who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表 语等。如:
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语)
②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语)
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语)
④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语)
以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I could learn……
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,learn,observe,understand,wonder等。
2、there to be 结构
We didn't expect there to be so many people.
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