Module 1
1. No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business.
2. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out.
3. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.
4. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain.
5. A teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025.
6. To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems.
7. Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.
8. No smoking will be allowed within a future city’s limits.
9. Catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.
10. Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.
11. All forms of recreation will be provided free of charge by the city.
12. It will be possible to change the colour of cars at the flick of a switch.
13. Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.
14. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.
15. At nine o’clock tonight I will be doing my homework.
16. Don’t call me before seven. I will be getting dressed.
17. This time next year I will be lying on a beach.
18. I’m too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future!
19. Work is now in progress on the types of building required for men to stay in when they’re on the moon.
20. Guitar music is on the way out.
Module 2
1. Say which means of transport you can use to get around your town.
2. The bus is connected to electric wires.
3. Have you ever been stuck in a traffic jam?
4. Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in on time.
5. Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city centre.
6. You’ll have a good view of the rapidly changing city.
7. There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction.
8. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys of old Beijing.
9. Look at the phrases and say what they have in common.
10. It’s a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.
11. – There isn’t any room for cars to park.
- Why not build underground car parks?
12. There’s a simple solution to these problems.
13. Motorists could take a bus into the city centre and arrive at work or the shops relaxed and in a good mood.
14. There was no way I was going to catch the plane.
15. It’s enough to drive you mad.
16. Los Angeles, which was built with the motor car in mind, and is famous for its six-lane highways, is now the USA’s most congested city.
17. People who do not pay the charge will face a fine of ￡80.
18. But does the congestion charge work? A survey carried out at the end of 2003 suggested it does.
19. What’s more, central London shops did not lose business even though there were fewer cars.
20. Don’t let go of your bags on the train.
21. It’s a good idea to wear dark clothes because they hide the dirt while clothes attract it!
22. Even if you find their habits and behaviour a bit strange, you shouldn’t show your feelings.
23. You are less likely to get knocked over by a car.
24. You should always carry a spare bag in case you see something you want to buy.
25. If you do, people will stare at you.
Module 3
1. Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.
2. Indeed, body positions are part of what we call “body language”.
3. We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also “learned” body language, which varies from culture to culture.
4. Like other animals, we are on guard until we know it is safe to relax.
5. We shake hands when we make a deal.
6. Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person.
7. In all of these examples, the hands are busy with the greeting and can’t hold a weapon.
8. People give away much more by their gestures than by their words.
9. If you are unconscious of something you do not know it is happening.
10. In Thailand you mustn’t touch someone on the head, even by accident.
11. What shall I do if I’m invited to dinner?
12. Unless you’re very unlucky you’ll soon think of something.
13. Whatever you do, don’t leave immediately after the meal is finished.
14. However hungry you are, you shouldn’t start to eat before your host does.
15. You can invite whoever you like to the party.
16. Can I ask you a favour?
17. What on earth can I talk about?
18. We clap at the end of a live performance.
19. Plays were often in competition with each other.
20. But some occasions on which people clap change from one country to another.
21. Did you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation?
22. It’s easy to tell the difference between a genuine smile of pleasure and a false smile.
Module 4
1. In the rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.
2. Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.
3. He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.
4. The results of his experiments were published in China in 1966.
5. Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the new system.
6. As a result of Yuan Longping’s discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990’s.
7. 50 thousand square kilometers of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops.
8. Following this, Yuan Longping’s rice was exported to other countries.
9. Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in the world partly because of his scientific discoveries and partly because of his physical disability.
10. In the 1960s he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease.
11. He got a job in an office to earn his living.
12. He left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.
13. Today rockets are very advanced machines which we can use to send astronauts into space.
14. It is awarded each year to people who have advanced human development by improving the quality, quantity or availability of food in the world.
15. Both men were honoured for their work in the development of new hybrid rice plants.
16. Yuan Longping was a research professor in Hunan in 1973 when he made his major scientific breakthrough.
17. This genetic discovery made it possible to produce high-yield rice hybrids.
18. The hybrid is particularly well suited to African rice farmers because it is able to grow on poor land and it can survive very dry weather.
19. Jones’s work has already led to the development of many new rice plants, some of which can increase yields by nearly 50%.
20. These two outstanding scientists have really make a difference to the lives of millions of people in two continents.
Module 5
1. A lake is an area of water surrounded by land.
2. He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English.
3. The first semester finished at the end of January and they had four weeks off for the spring Festival.
4. The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high mountains.
5. At Wushan we made a detour up the Daning River to see some of the smaller gorges.
6. The next day we went through the big gorges on the Yangtze River.
7. Every rock looked like a person or animal, every stream that joined the great river carried its legends, every hill was heavy with the past.
8. On a distant mountain was a sign in 20-foot characters. “ Build the Three Gorges Dam, Exploit the Yangtze River, ” it said.
9. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
10. There are lectures- but you don’t have to go to them.
11. Passengers are required to take their passports with them.
12. Shanghai is on the coast, at the mouth of the Yangtze River.
13. He always chooses a postcard with a beautiful view, and sticks on an interesting stamp.
14. His latest postcard reads Good fishing.
15. I’m allowed to stick one in only if I’ve been in a place for more than 24 hours.
16. There’s a saying that all tourists are ripped off.
17. It’s been around for 6,000 years, yet it’s a country of the future.
18. I get a kick out of travelling.
19. Egyptians have used Feluccas for centuries to carry goods and people up and down the Nile.
20. That sounded fine to us, so we booked our four-day trip.
21. We could see the desert in the distance beyond the green fields.
22. The local people were very friendly and a man showed us around the village.
23. The next day, we set off early and visited a market in a small town.
24. You mustn’t take photographs of people in Egypt without first asking for permission.
25. There is so much history along the Nile Valley that you can’t possibly visit everything; you have to make a choice.
Module 6
1. The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” is back in the news after several recent sightings.
2. Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature, Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse.
3. A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake with his family.
4. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
5. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
6. It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometers.
7. If you are sceptical about something you don’t really believe it.
8. Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out.
9. The dinosaurs may have stopped evolving, and been unable to adapt to changes in the climates.
10. If you come straight to the point you say what you want to say.
11. I’d go for the meteorite means choose.
12. For a creature that doesn’t actually exist, that’s quite something.
13. The red dragon which appears on the Welsh flag is a positive symbol, indicating strength and a sense of national identity.
14. Why should the dragon have a different character in different parts of the world?
15. Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of.
16. The majority of the earth’s oceans and remote inland lakes are unexplored so there may be creatures which have rarely been seen or identified by humans.
17. Several previously unknown animals have been found in the highlands, including a species of deer.
18. Who knows what other finds may yet be make?
19. The lake in Sweden is home to a sea monster.
20. People have reported seeing a strange creature known as Mokele- Mbembe.
21. Several expeditions have set out to find the monster in the remote lakes and swamps but they have all failed so far.
22. We expect our scientific expedition next week will throw some light on the issue.
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