模型中的5种变量类型

来源：spss统计分析

这篇笔记和大家分享的是模型中的5种变量类型，分别是：因变量、自变量、中介变量、调节变量、控制变量。

📑 1.Dependent Variable（因变量）

This is the final outcome

The thing you want to predict

Usually the central focus of your theory

因变量是最终的结果变量，即你想要预测或解释的变量。通常，这是你理论的核心。

📑 2. Independent Variable（自变量）

This is the starting point

The thing you want to use to predict other variables

These should be the main levers of change for the dependent variable（i.e.change in DV should be primarily due to change the IV）

自变量是起点，用来预测其他变量；自变量是因变量变化的主要原因。

📑 3. Mediating Variable（中介变量）

This is the primary reason for the effect the IV has on the DV

This must be the causal outcome of the IV

This must be the causal antecedent of the DV

中介变量是自变量能对因变量产生影响的主要原因；它既是自变量的结果变量，也是因变量的因果前提。

📑 4. Moderating Variable（调节变量）

This contextualizes the effect the IV has on the DV

A change in the moderator should create change in the relationship between IV and DV

The moderator can be a group variable

调节变量把自变量对因变量的影响情景化；调节变量的改变会引起自变量与因变量关系的改变；调节变量可以是分组变量。