程序中演示了PyQt中编程实现自定义圆形指示灯控件的方法，通过程序界面可改变其属性值并能实时看到指示灯的外观变化情况，同时，在定时器中也实现了一个类似跑马灯效果的功能。
例子虽小，但涉及的编程点挺多，包括：自定义控件（圆形指示灯、颜色选择框等）、分割条、布局、辐射渐变画刷、定时器、自定义信号（pyqtSignal）、列表、setattr、hasattr、for...in、zip、map、十进制转二进制等等。
代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8-*-#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Name: 自定义圆形指示灯控件
#Description:
#Author: lgk
#Date: 2018/7/05
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import sys
from PyQt4.QtGuiimport *
from PyQt4.QtCoreimport *
allAttributes= [ 'colorOnBegin', 'colorOnEnd', 'colorOffBegin','colorOffEnd', 'colorBorderIn', 'colorBorderOut',
'radiusBorderOut', 'radiusBorderIn', 'radiusCircle']
allDefaultVal= [ QColor(0, 240, 0), QColor(0, 160, 0), QColor(0, 68, 0),QColor(0, 28, 0), QColor(140, 140, 140), QColor(100, 100, 100),
500, 450, 400]
allLabelNames= [ u'灯亮圆心颜色：', u'灯亮边缘颜色：', u'灯灭圆心颜色：', u'灯灭边缘颜色：', u'边框内测颜色：', u'边框外侧颜色：',
u'边框外侧半径：', u'边框内侧半径：', u'中间圆灯半径：']
classMyLed(QAbstractButton):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyLed, self).__init__(parent)
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setMinimumSize(24, 24)
self.setCheckable(True)
self.scaledSize = 1000.0 #为方便计算，将窗口短边值映射为1000
self.setLedDefaultOption()
def setLedDefaultOption(self):
for attr, val in zip(allAttributes, allDefaultVal):
setattr(self, attr, val)
self.update()
def setLedOption(self, opt='colorOnBegin', val=QColor(0,240,0)):
if hasattr(self, opt):
setattr(self, opt, val)
self.update()
def resizeEvent(self, evt):
self.update()
def paintEvent(self, evt):
painter = QPainter(self)
painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing, True)
painter.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 1))
realSize = min(self.width(),self.height()) #窗口的短边
painter.translate(self.width()/2.0,self.height()/2.0) #原点平移到窗口中心
painter.scale(realSize/self.scaledSize, realSize/self.scaledSize) #缩放，窗口的短边值映射为self.scaledSize
gradient = QRadialGradient(QPointF(0, 0), self.scaledSize/2.0, QPointF(0,0)) #辐射渐变
#画边框外圈和内圈
for color, radius in [(self.colorBorderOut, self.radiusBorderOut), #边框外圈
(self.colorBorderIn, self.radiusBorderIn)]: #边框内圈
gradient.setColorAt(1, color)
painter.setBrush(QBrush(gradient))
painter.drawEllipse(QPointF(0, 0), radius, radius)
# 画内圆
gradient.setColorAt(0, self.colorOnBegin if self.isChecked() elseself.colorOffBegin)
gradient.setColorAt(1, self.colorOnEnd if self.isChecked() else self.colorOffEnd)
painter.setBrush(QBrush(gradient))
painter.drawEllipse(QPointF(0, 0), self.radiusCircle, self.radiusCircle)
classMyColorBox(QFrame):
sigColorChanged = pyqtSignal(QColor)
def __init__(self, parent=None, height=20, color=QColor(0,240,0)):
super(MyColorBox, self).__init__(parent)
self.setFixedHeight(height)
self.setAutoFillBackground(True)
self.setPalette(QPalette(color))
self.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Panel | QFrame.Sunken)
def mousePressEvent(self, *args, **kwargs):
color = QColorDialog.getColor(initial=self.palette().color(QPalette.Window))
if color.isValid():
self.setPalette(QPalette(color))
self.sigColorChanged.emit(color)
def setColor(self, color):
self.setPalette(QPalette(color))
classMyRadiusCtrl(QSpinBox):
def __init__(self, parent=None, initVal=500):
super(MyRadiusCtrl, self).__init__(parent)
self.setRange(1, 500)
self.setValue(initVal)
classConfigWnd(QFrame):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(ConfigWnd, self).__init__(parent)
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Box|QFrame.Sunken)
mainLayout = QVBoxLayout(self)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.createColorParaGroupBox(), 0)
mainLayout.addSpacing(20)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.createRadiusParaGroupBox(), 0)
mainLayout.addStretch()
mainLayout.addSpacing(20)
self.restoreDefaultBtn = QPushButton(u'恢复默认设置')
mainLayout.addWidget(self.restoreDefaultBtn, 0)
mainLayout.addSpacing(10)
self.animateBtn = QPushButton(u'开始动画')
self.animateBtn.setCheckable(True)
mainLayout.addWidget(self.animateBtn, 0)
def createColorParaGroupBox(self):
colorParaGroupBox = QGroupBox(u"颜色参数设置",self)
layout = QGridLayout(colorParaGroupBox)
layout.setSpacing(10)
self.allColorBoxCtrls = []
for name, color, row in zip(allLabelNames[:6], allDefaultVal[:6], range(6)):
layout.addWidget(QLabel(name), row, 0)
colorBox = MyColorBox(color=color)
layout.addWidget(colorBox, row, 1)
self.allColorBoxCtrls.append(colorBox)
layout.setColumnStretch(0, 0)
layout.setColumnStretch(1, 1)
return colorParaGroupBox
def createRadiusParaGroupBox(self):
radiusParaGroupBox = QGroupBox(u"半径设置（1～500）", self)
layout = QGridLayout(radiusParaGroupBox)
layout.setSpacing(10)
self.allRadiusCtrls = []
for name, radius, row in zip(allLabelNames[6:], allDefaultVal[6:], range(3)):
layout.addWidget(QLabel(name), row, 0)
radiusCtrl = MyRadiusCtrl(initVal=radius)
layout.addWidget(radiusCtrl, row, 1)
self.allRadiusCtrls.append(radiusCtrl)
layout.setColumnStretch(0, 0)
layout.setColumnStretch(1, 1)
return radiusParaGroupBox
classMainWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
self.initSlotFunc()
self.cnt = 0
self.show()
def initUI(self):
self.resize(580, 350)
self.setWindowTitle(u'自定义圆形指示灯控件')
mainSplitter = self.createSplitter(style=Qt.Horizontal, parent=self, width=4)
self.configWnd = ConfigWnd(mainSplitter)
rightSplitter = self.createSplitter(style=Qt.Vertical, parent=mainSplitter,width=4)
rightTopWnd = self.createSubWnd(rightSplitter)
rightTopLayout = QVBoxLayout(rightTopWnd)
rightTopLayout.setContentsMargins(60, 60, 60, 60)
self.ledSingle = MyLed()
self.ledSingle.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding)
rightTopLayout.addWidget(self.ledSingle)
rightBottomWnd = self.createSubWnd(rightSplitter)
rightBottomLayout = QHBoxLayout(rightBottomWnd)
rightBottomLayout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10)
self.ledGroup = []
for i in range(8):
led = MyLed()
led.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.ledGroup.append(led)
rightBottomLayout.addWidget(led)
self.setSplitterStrechFactor(rightSplitter, 1, 0)
self.setSplitterStrechFactor(mainSplitter, 0, 1)
self.setCentralWidget(mainSplitter)
def createSplitter(self, style=Qt.Horizontal, parent=None, width=3):
splitter = QSplitter(style, parent)
splitter.setHandleWidth(width)
return splitter
defsetSplitterStrechFactor(self, splitter=None, factor1=1, factor2=1): #设置分割条两部分的比例
splitter.setStretchFactor(0, factor1)
splitter.setStretchFactor(1, factor2)
def createSubWnd(self, parent=None):
wnd = QFrame(parent)
wnd.setFrameStyle(QFrame.Box | QFrame.Sunken)
return wnd
def initSlotFunc(self):
self.configWnd.restoreDefaultBtn.clicked.connect(self.slotRestoreDefault)
map(lambda x: x.sigColorChanged.connect(self.slotattributeChanged), self.configWnd.allColorBoxCtrls) #设定每个颜色控件的槽函数
map(lambda x: x.valueChanged.connect(self.slotattributeChanged),self.configWnd.allRadiusCtrls) #设定每个半径控件的槽函数
self.configWnd.animateBtn.clicked.connect(self.slotAnimation)
self.timer = QTimer()
self.timer.timeout.connect(self.slotTimeout) #动画定时器
def slotattributeChanged(self, val):
allCtrls = self.configWnd.allColorBoxCtrls + self.configWnd.allRadiusCtrls
idx = allCtrls.index(self.sender())
self.ledSingle.setLedOption(allAttributes[idx], val)
def slotRestoreDefault(self):
for colorBox, val in zip(self.configWnd.allColorBoxCtrls, allDefaultVal[:6]):
colorBox.setColor(val)
for radiusCtrl, val in zip(self.configWnd.allRadiusCtrls, allDefaultVal[6:]):
radiusCtrl.setValue(val)
self.ledSingle.setLedDefaultOption()
def slotAnimation(self):
if self.configWnd.animateBtn.isChecked():
self.cnt = 0
self.configWnd.animateBtn.setText(u'停止动画')
self.timer.start(300)
else:
self.configWnd.animateBtn.setText(u'开始动画')
self.timer.stop()
def slotTimeout(self):
self.cnt = self.cnt % 256
ledBits = QString('%1').arg(self.cnt, 8, 2,fillChar=QChar('0')) #将数值转换为二进制字符串
for ledBit, led in zip(ledBits, self.ledGroup):
led.setChecked(ledBit=='1')
self.cnt += 1
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
mainWnd = MainWindow()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ =='__main__':
main()
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