Exit polls in North Rhine Westphalia (“NRW”，北莱茵威斯特伐利亚) indicate that the centre-left opposition of the SPD（德国社会民主党） and Greens will gain a clear majority in Germany’s most important state. The CDU’s （基督教民主联盟）share of the vote declined to 26%, from 35% in 2010 and is the CDU’s worst result in the post-war period. The results also confirm a clear rejection by voters of the strict austerity measures proposed by the CDU. With a general election due in late 2013 and calls by the vast majority of countries in the EZ for growth measures and not just austerity, Mrs Merkel is losing control of the both the agenda and the situation. As most of us have banged on for a very long time, the German prescription to date has been nonsensical and way beyond it’s sell by date. Do the German’s have a plan B – personally, I don’t believe they have, but a number within the CDU must be scrambling around starting today to produce one.
A couple of chinks of light have appeared. The head of the economics department at the Bundesbank last Wednesday suggested that Germany would have to accept a higher inflation rate and Schaeuble called for higher wages in Germany, combined with a rate of inflation above the current 2.0% threshold. Schaeuble has proposed that an “acceptable” rate of inflation in Germany could be “in a corridor between 2.0% – 3.0%”. Personally, I believe inflation will end up higher.
A higher rate of inflation and increased consumption in Germany (resulting in a smaller current account surplus) is a basic necessity to begin to resolve the crisis in the EZ. The penny, finally, seems to have dropped in Berlin.
The recently elected French President Mr Hollande meets with Merkel this week. It’s going to be a particularly interesting discussion. The view was that Mrs Merkel would completely overwhelm him – given the recent political backlash against austerity measures, this is likely to be far from the truth, in my humble view. The reality of the situation, given that Germany wants the Euro/EZ (OK maybe without Greece) to survive, is that the current policies needs to be changed. Essentially, some growth measures are necessary, but I fear that what will be announced will be a joke. The most important issue is that the EZ population needs to believe that there is some “light at the end of the tunnel” – to date there has been none. Current policies have resulted in the ousting of Sarkozy, over 50% of the Greek electorate voting for anti bail out parties, the loss of NRW, a much less popular Monti and the new Spanish PM, Mr Rajoy, etc, etc. The situation will just get worse if not attended to promptly.
As a first step, EZ banks (including German) need to be sorted out. You cannot have a recovery in the EZ if banks are retrenching, given regulatory demands to increase their capital as a percentage of risk weighted assets and, most importantly, given the level of bad debts in the system. The private sector will not provide the funding necessary – EZ governments will have to provide the funding necessary. However, I believe that this time around, existing shareholders/bondholders will have to take the first hits. The tax payer cannot and must not take on the burden, wherever possible. Clearly depositors will have to be protected.
The ECB is really the only credible player around – it will have to reduce interest rates, quite possibly as early as June – a cut of at least 25bps, but quite possibly even 50bps, is certainly looking possible. A number have called for another LTRO. However, I remain unconvinced. The ECB should certainly restart its SMP programme, in size this time around, rather than the pathetically executed programme to date. The EZ, in addition, should establish sensible deficit cutting targets for countries in the EZ, over a longer period of time. The EU forecasts last week confirmed that a number of countries would fail to meet their targets, not just this year, but also next. There have been calls (will likely happen) for the EIB to finance infrastructure projects, but a similar US programme some years ago, proved that such programmes have little effect, particularly in the short term.
It is also clear that a framework to introduce Euro bonds (subject to countries strictly meeting certain pre determined fiscal criteria) must be introduced.
The EZ only moves at times of crisis and boy is one coming unless they move pretty soon.
Mrs Merkel is a particularly astute politician, devoid of dogma and remains popular with the German people. She can still turn this around, but she must act immediately. Critics within her party (one of her biggest problems) must realise that failure to act sensibly will result in the complete rout of the CDU at the next general election – today’s results in NRW proves that. That should help Mrs Merkel;
As Greek politicians fail to agree on a coalition, there are increasing calls by EZ politicians, EU officials and most recently an ECB governing board member (Mr Coene) and other central bankers which, in effect, suggest that Greece should leave the EZ – certainly my view. Whilst it will create some contagion risks, I believe such risks are manageable by the ECB, in particular. An exit by Greece will not be a surprise. Sure the market will test the resolve of the EZ/ECB to avoid contagion risks (which will require the ECB to buy bonds of peripheral countries in size) but such actions are very much needed in any event. In addition, the EZ, ex Greece will be a batter place for both the EZ and Greece. We will know later this coming week as to whether new elections will be necessary in Greece – analysts suggest that the odds are that they will and polls suggest that the anti austerity parties will increase their support.
Finally, I sense that change is likely in the EZ – certainly not before time. Easier monetary policy, accompanied with higher inflation, is coming. The net result should mean a sharply lower Euro – great for Germany anyway. In addition, the move towards fiscal integration is just one step away from political union.
Whilst markets may react negatively to increased uncertainty, the (very likely) introduction of accomodative/easy monetary policy in the EZ is positive.
I will continue to reduce my short positions.
Kiron Sarkar
13th May 2012
