沪江英语:试比较以下托福[微博]听力短对话的两种回答方式: 一、Hyperbole(夸张) Have you asked your brother to do the dishes? 1) Ye
沪江英语:试比较以下托福[微博]听力短对话的两种回答方式:
一、Hyperbole(夸张)
Have you asked your brother to do the dishes?
1) Yes, many times。(很多遍了。)
2) Yes, a thousand times。(无数次了。)
很明显,第一种回答方式不如第二种生动,因为a thousand times(无数次)使用了Hyperbole(夸张)的修辞手法。Hyperbole一词源于希腊语的huperbole,意思是exceed(超过),是一种故意夸大其词(overstatement)或言过其实的修辞手法;其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以达到强烈的修辞效果。如:a river of tears(泪河)、a mountain of coal(煤山)、oceans of people(人海)...Hyperbole(夸张)在托福听力中的运用也可谓炉火纯青。
比如:
1) You are my life saver。(你是我的“救命恩人”。)
2) You are 100% right。(你“百分之百”的正确。)
3) My back killed me。(我的腰痛的厉害。)
4) You make me feel guilty。(你让我感觉像是在犯罪。)
5) I haven't seen you for ages。(好久不见了呀!)
6) I could sleep for a whole year。(我太困了。)
7) We'really tired to death。(我们快累死了。)
当然,除了托福听力,Hyperbole(夸张)的修辞手法在英语语言文学中的经典范例不胜枚举:
1)One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters。(George Herbert)(一个父亲的作用大于100个教师。)
2)It's a crime to stay inside on such a beautiful day。(今天阳光明媚,躲在家中实在太遗憾了。)
3)Adrop of ink may make a million think。(George GByron)(一滴墨水写成的文字可让千万人思索。)
二、Simile(明喻)
试比较以下两种托福听力表达方式:
1)He spent a lot of money。(他花了大笔的钱。)
2)He spent a lot of money,like water。(他花钱如流水。)
很明显,第二种表达方式比第一种更加生动和形象。因为like water(如流水)使用了Simile(明喻)的修辞手法,这样以来,无疑使语言更加精彩和完美,听力考试也不再单纯是一门考试,而变成了一种享受。Simile(明喻)一词源于拉丁语similes,其意为like(象)。他借助人们的想象力,使用一定的比喻词如:like,as等加以连接,从而清楚的表明两种事物之间的相似之处,使得表达更加新鲜有趣。其典型形式是A is like B. Simile(明喻)的修辞手法在托福听力中的运用可谓炉火纯青。
比如:
1.Like引导
1)He sweats like a pig。(他像猪一样流汗。)
2)They slept like babies。(他们像婴儿一样熟睡着。)
3)Living without anaimis like sailing without a compass。(John Ruskin)(生活没有目标犹如航行没有指南针。)
4)Records fell like ripe apples on a windy day。(E.B.White)(被打破的记录犹如刮风天成熟的苹果——纷纷坠落。)
2.As引导
1)She is as beautiful as a flower。(她像花一样的美丽。)
2)“I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as am angel, I am as merry as a schoolboy. I am as giddy as a drunkenman.。.”(CharlesDickens)(我像羽毛一样轻,我像天使一样幸福,我像小学生一样快活,我像喝醉了酒的人一样飘飘然……)
3)The first time I read an excellent book, it is to me as if I had gained a new friend。
(我头一回读到一本好书,对我来说好象交了一位新朋友。)
注意:As引导的as...as结构在英语中得到了广泛应用,若能在口语交流或各种作文考试(如:TWE等)中用上一个,定会得到意想不到的效果,常用的as结构有:
(as) firm as a rock坚如磐石
(as) light as a feather轻如鸿毛
(as) close as anoyster守口如瓶
(as) mute as a fish噤若寒蝉
(as) strong as a horse强壮如牛
(as) cool as a cucumber泰然自若
(as) sober as a judge十分清醒
(as) sure as a gun千真万确
上面是托福听力常见修辞总结,希望对大家有所帮助。
本文来源:沪江英语
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