问： while 可以引导什么从句，在句中起什么作用？
答： while 常用于引导三种从句： (选用简单例句，适用于中学英语)
while 引导时间状语从句 while 作从属连词，引导时间状语从句。
1） 表示“在……期间”的意思， while 从句侧重表示在做某事时发生另一件事，从句用一
般时态或进行时态。
例句：
I gained a lot of weight while I was on holiday.
我在度假的时候体重增加了很多。
Mr. Smith will be in charge of the office work while I am away.
我不在时，史密斯先生将负责办公室的工作。
He came to see me while I was doing my homework.
我正在做作业时，他来看了我。
While they were talking, the bell rang.
他们正在谈话时，铃声响了。
While I was driving along the road, a dog suddenly ran across it.
当我沿着马路开车时，一只狗突然从马路上跑了过去。
While he was in Paris attending a conference, he took time off to see his parents.
他在巴黎参加会议期间抽出时间去看望了父母。
当 while 从句中的主语与主句的主语一致, 从句中的主语连同 be 可同时省略, 常简化
成 while + -ing 或 while + 介词短语。
例句：
Don’t use mobile phones while driving. (=while you are driving)
开车时不要使用手机。
She likes to listen to music while browsing on the internet. (= while she is browsing
on the Internet)
她喜欢一边上网一边听音乐。
While swimming in the sea, Elizabeth was attacked by a shark. (=While she was
swimming in the sea.)
当她在海里游泳时，伊丽莎白被鲨鱼袭击了。
While in London, he studied music and painting. （=While he was in London）
在伦敦时, 他学习音乐和绘画。
2） 表示“与…… 同时”的意思， 强调主句和从句谓语动词表示的动作同时进行（主
句与从句都用进行时态）。
例句：
While we were waiting for a bus, it was raining heavily.
我们等公共汽车的时候，雨下得很大。
My father was reading newspapers while my mother was working in the kitchen.
我妈妈在厨房干活，我爸爸在看报纸。
3）表示“趁着 ……”的意思。
We must strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
Make hay while the sun shines.
晒草要趁太阳好。
While you are young, you should study hard and learn more knowledge.
趁你还年轻，你应该努力学习，学习更多的知识。
while 引导让步状语从句 while作从属连词，引导让步状语从句。“虽然 ……, 但是
……”，”尽管……, 但是 ……”，用法同 although、though。while 从句多位于句首。
例句：
While he like his students, he is very strict with them.
虽然他喜欢他的学生，但他对他们很严格。
While I see what you say, I can't agree with you.
虽然我能理解你说的话, 但是我不能同意你的看法.
While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.
虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。
While I admire your courage, it's sometimes better not to get involved.
虽然我很佩服你的勇气，但有时候还是不要参与的好。
While I'd be willing to help you on this occasion, I may not always be able to
in future.
虽然这次我愿帮助你，但以后可能就不能了。
while 引导等立并列句 while 作并列连词（相当于whereas），引导等立并列句，表示两
个句子意思上的对比，while 分句位于句尾，常译成“……, 而 ……”
例句：
Tom is very outgoing and confident while Katy's shy and quiet.
汤姆性格外向，非常自信，而凯蒂却羞涩文静。
Walnut is a hard wood while pine is soft.
核桃是硬木材，而松树是软木材。
I do all the housework while he just does the dishes now and again.
家里的家务活我全干，而他只是偶尔洗洗碗。
Some people waste food while others haven't enough.
有些人很费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
There’s plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northeast.
东南部雨量充足, 而西北部则很少下雨。
Friends are not books, yet books are friends. Friends may betray you, while books
are always loyal.
朋友不是书，书却是朋友。朋友可能背叛你，书却永远忠于你。
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