高考英语中的“分隔”现象及其解题思路

英语句子为避免主语、宾语等主要句子成分过长，往往将其与修饰语分隔开来，此即英语中的分隔现象。分隔现象产生的主要原因一是为了强调或平衡句子，二是为了使行文精练，句子结构紧凑，语言表达言简意赅。分隔成分可以是单词、短语或是句子，用来补充含义或做出一些解释。

    分隔现象是英语与汉语的一个显著区别，分隔现象很容易干扰考生对句意的理解，打断正常的解题思路，造成句意、文意方面的理解障碍。通过对高考试题的分析，较常见的分隔现象概括起来主要有以下五种形式：

一、主语和谓语之间的分隔

英语句子的主语和谓语一般都紧密相连，它们之间很少插入介词等比较长的结构。但有时为了避免头重脚轻，保持句子的平衡或者为了语义严密，结构紧凑，在主语和谓语之间也会插入其他成分，从而形成分隔现象。

1. The country life he was used to ____ greatly since 1992. 

A. change      B. has changed    C. changing    D. have changed

2. Professor Smith, along with his assistant, _______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. 

A. work   B. working   C. is working  D. are working

二、同位语从句和先行词的分隔

3. A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

A. when    B. where     C. what      D. that

4. ----It’s thirty years since we last met.

----But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which     B. that    C. what    D. when   

三、定语从句和先行词的分隔

5. The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

A. until    B. that   C. when     D. where 

6. He is the only one of the students who _____ a winner of scholarship for three years.

A. is      B. are        C. have been   D. has been

四、连词和其所连接的主体分句的分隔

7. ----Is that the small town you often refer to ?

  ----Right, just the one _____ you know I used to work for years.

A. that     B. which    C. where     D. what

8. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ____, in fact, there were 40.

A. while      B. whether       C. what      D. which

五、复合谓语内的分隔

9. An awful accident ____, however, occur the other day.

A. does     B. did      C. has to    D. had to

   在解这类题时，当分隔成分在英语句子中运用是为了提高英语句子的效果时，可以把插入语从原文中抽取出来，句子结构不会发生变化。如果插入语过长，可以先跳过这部分，等从整体上把握句意之后再回头看插入部分的内容。虽然插入语会使考生的思路被打断，容易分散他们的注意力，但实际上在这种情况下它对句子结构的理解不造成任何影响。若先把插入语省略掉，句子的结构就清晰了。

除此之外在英语阅读中还会出现动词和宾语之间的分隔、复合宾语内的分隔、介词与其宾语的分隔、某些词语与其所要求的介词的分隔等。英语的分隔应遵循尾重原则，即应把长而复杂的成分放在句末，以使结构匀称。

(Keys: BCDBC  DCAB)

巩固练习:

1. Nowadays, a large number of women,especially those from the countryside, ________ in the clothing industry.

A. is working   B. works      C. work     D. worked

2. Danby left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon.

A. who    B. that      C. as      D. what

3. A fast food restaurant is the place ______, just as the name suggests, eating is done quickly.

A. which    B. where      C. there      D. what

4. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as     B. which     C. what      D. that

5. What we used to think ____ impossible now does seem possible.

A. is     B. was     C. has been     D. will be

6. A warm thought suddendly occured to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.

A. if      B. when       C. that        D. which

7. He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.

A. which I think is    B. which I think it is

C. which I think it    D. I think which is

8. He is the only one of the students who ___ goodat English.

A. is      B. are       C. have been     D. were

9. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while     B. that     C. when      D. as

10. He arrived in New York in 1896, _______, sonme time later, he became an actor.

A. when       B. where      C. that     D. which

Keys: CBBCB CAABB