英语语法：如何构成被动语态?

上一期介绍了英语语法：什么是主动语态和被动语态?这一期学习英语语法：如何构成被动语态?

英语中，被动语态的基本结构是：be + 过去分词

被动语态在谓语时态中的表现形式：

	基本结构	现在	过去	将来	过去将来
一般	be+过去分词	am is   +过去分词 are	was +过去分词 were	will +be+过去分词 shall	would +be+过去分词 should
进行	be being +过去分词	am is +being+过去分词 are	was +being+过去分词 were	will +be being+过去分词 shall	would +be being+过去分词 should
完成	have been +过去分词	am is +been+过去分词 are	had been+过去分词	will +have been+过去分词 shall	would +have been+过去分词 should

1．现在一般时，由am/ are / is＋done构成。

The book is written by Wang Meng.

这本书是（被）王蒙写的。

He is respected by the teachers and his students.  

他受到师生们的好评。

The phone is repaired by me.

这部手机是（被）我修理的。

2.过去一般时,由was /were＋done构成。

Two chairs were moved away.

两把椅子被移开了。

He was dismissed by my boss.

他被我的老板解雇了。

I was asked to go to Harbin on business yesterday. 

我昨天被派往哈尔滨出差了。

This novel was published in 2008.  

这本小说是在2008年出版的。

3.将来一般时,由shall /will be＋done构成。

The money will be returned by my son.

我钱将由我儿子还。

The letter will be sent by my friend to you.

这封信将由我的朋友带给你。

Iam sure that we shall be invited to theparty. 

我们肯定会被邀请参加舞会的。

4.将来一般时,由should/ would be＋done构成。

She said that all the apples would be finished up bythe kids that afternoon.

她说所有的苹果会在当天被孩子们吃掉。

He told me that he would be asked to attend the opening ceremony.

他告诉我说他将被邀请参加开幕式。

5.现在进行时,由am /are / is＋being＋done构成。

Tom is being praised in the class.

汤姆正在班上受表扬呢。

The new teaching building is being built.  

新的教学大楼正在修建。

6.过去进行时,由was/were＋being＋done构成。

They were being criticized for being late.

他们当时因为迟到正在受批评。

He realized that he was being made fun of.

他意识到有人在取笑他。  

7.现在完成时,由have /has＋been＋done构成。

John has been given the first prize.

约翰已被授予一等奖。

He has been praised since he came here. 

自从他来这儿以来，一直受到表扬。

This computer has been repaired.

这台电脑已经修好了。

8.过去完成时，由had＋been＋done构成

He said that the newspaper had been sold out.

他说那张报纸已经被卖掉了。

By the time I came back, the work had been finished. 

到我回来时，此工作已经完成。

9.将来完成时，由shall/ will＋have＋been＋done构成。

The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.

到这个月末，这个新工厂将已竣工。   

10.过去将来完成时，由should / would＋have＋been＋done构成。

It was reported that this building would have been completed by the end of this month. 

据报道，这栋楼将在这个月末以前将已竣工。

感谢阅读！