考研英语系列 20170913
一、碎片化单词学习
stroll [stroʊl] ★☆☆☆☆
释 vi. to walk somewhere in a slow relaxed way 漫步，闲逛 [2006 完形干扰选项] n. 漫步，闲逛；巡回演出
例 He strolls in and out as he pleases. 他出来进去地闲逛，很随意。
派 stroller ( n. 漫步者)
同 wander ( v.漫步，徘徊 n. 漫游)
辨 stroll 指以放松为目的地散步。
● wander 是指漫无目的地走。
concession [kənˈseʃn] ★☆☆☆☆
释 n. sth. that you allow or do, or allow sb. to have, in order to end an argument or to make a situation less difficult 让步，妥协；承认，许可
搭 concession to sb./sth. 对某人/某事妥协
例 Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions . [2010 阅读 Text 4]
成熟的市场需要独立的，甚至是好战的准则制定者。FASB 和 IASB 过去一直正是如此，例如，不顾特殊利益团体的强烈反对，整顿股票期权和退休金的相关规则。但是现在他们向批评者妥协，由此将招致做出更多让步的压力。
plausible [ˈplɔːzəbl] ★☆☆☆☆
释 a. reasonable and likely to be true or successful 似乎合理的，貌似可信的
记 词根记忆：plaus(=strike，打动，感动)+ible (可…的)→可以使其感动的→似乎合理的
例 The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. [2010 阅读 Text 3]
人们之所以认为有影响力的人很重要，是因为受到了“两级传播理论”的影响，即信息先从媒体流向有影响力的人，然后再从他们流向其他人。这一理论看似合理，但大部分还尚未被验证。
派 plausibly ( ad. 似乎有理地) || plausibility ( n. 善辩；似乎有理)
conceive [kənˈsiːv] ★☆☆☆☆
释 v. when a woman conceives, she becomes pregnant 怀孕；构思，设想
记 词根记忆：con(=together，共同)+ceiv(=take， 抓，握住)+e→好的想法往往是共同商量的结果→设想，构思
搭 conceive of (doing) sth. 设想(做)某事
例 Soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania. [2007 阅读 Text 1] 热爱足球的父母更可能在春季怀孕，这是每年足球狂热的鼎盛时期。
派 conception ( n. 构想；怀孕)
同 consider ( v. 考虑；认为) || imagine ( vt. 想象，设想)
辨 conceive 指在头脑中组织好自己的思想，在心中形成一个系统的思想或见解。
● consider指经过考虑和观察后得出结论。
● imagine 比 conceive 更强调形象思维，指在头脑中形成一个清晰明确的意象。
individual [ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl] ★★★★★
释 n. a person, considered separately from the rest of the group or society that they live in 个人；个体 a. 个人的；个别的；独特的
搭 individual initiative 个人创业
例 He notes that each individual has many ancestors—numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. [2009 阅读 Text 2] 他指出每个人都有许多祖先——仅上溯几百年， 祖先的数目就可达数百位。
派 individuality ( n. 个性；个人) || individually ( ad. 个别地)
同 personal ( a. 个人的；亲自的) || private ( a. 私人的；私有的)
辨 individual 与“集体的”相对，指个别或个体的。
● personal 指属于或关于某人或某些特定的人，以区别于其他人。
● private 指属于私人所有或具有私营性质的，区别于集体或公共的，有时含不公开的意味。
二、考研英语每日一句长难句
昨天留的家庭作业:
The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs，a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing，first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century．
【核心词汇】
Entrance [ˈentrəns] n． 入口，此处指进入专业圈子
Amateur [ˈæmətə] n． 业余爱好者
reinforce [ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs] v． 加强，增援
widespread [ˈwaɪdˈspred] a． 普遍的，广泛的
【考点透析】同位语、定语从句
【结构分析】
（The overall result） （主语） has been （系动词）∥to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs，（表语）∥ a result （同位语）∥that has been reinforced
by the widespread introduction of refereeing，（定语从句修饰 result）∥first by national journals in the nineteenth century （并列状语 1）∥and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century．（并列状语 2）
【具体分析】
全句的主干结构是 The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs（总的结果是使业余人员进入专业性地质学杂志更加困难），随后跟了一个名词性的短语 a result，为全句主语 The overall result 的同位语。名
词性短语 a result 后又跟了一个 that 引导的定语从句，而定语从句中又有两个并列的状语 first by…，and then by…。
【参考译文】
总的结果是使业余人员进入专业性地质学杂志更加困难，而广泛引入审稿制度使这个结果得到加强，这种制度在 19 世纪率先为全国性杂志采用，进入 20 世纪后一些地方性地质杂志也相继实行。
今天的家庭作业:
Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned ， orderly ， systematic ， and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena．
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