考研英语系列 20170920
一、碎片化单词学习
freight [freɪt] ★☆☆☆☆
释 n. goods that are carried by ship, train, or aircraft, and the system of moving these goods 货运；货物 vt. 寄送，运送(货物)；货运
搭 air/sea freight 空/海运
例 France derives 16% of revenue from air freight .法国 16%的税收来自航空货运。|| Next year,after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers. [2003 阅读 Text 3]
到明年，一系列兼并活动完成之后，四家铁路公司将控制主要铁路货运总量的 90％以上。
派 freighter ( n. 货船；运输飞机)
同 goods ( n. 货物；商品) || merchandise ( n. 货物；商品)
辨 freight 指“货物”时，可与 goods 互换，此系美国英语。在英国，freight 指船装货物。
● goods 一般为生活或商业用词，指销售或购入的商品。
● merchandise 为正式用词，指商业上销售或商家拥有货物的总称。
forth [fɔːrθ] ★☆☆☆☆
释 and so forth: used to refer to other things of the type you have already mentioned,
without actually naming them 等等 ad. forth: going out from a place or point, and moving forwards or outwards 向前；向某处
例 Every day the teens reported on their parents’ knowledge of their activities, friends, and so forth .每天，青少年要向父母报告他们的课外活动、交友等情况。|| Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth , and will be very expensive. [2006阅读 Text 2] 希尔顿正在那里建造自己的酒店，可以肯定其中的装潢必少不了哈姆雷特汉堡酒吧、李尔休闲室、班柯宴会厅等等，并且消费水平会非常高。
同 forwards ( ad. 向前；今后) || onwards ( ad. 向前；在前面)
辨 forth 为正式的书面用词，侧重指向前行进。
● forwards 多指具体的向前移动。
● onwards 通常指向着一定的目标、终端或地方前进。
resent [rɪˈzent] ★☆☆☆☆
释 vt. to feel angry or upset about a situation or about sth. that sb. has done, especially because you think that it is not fair 对…表示愤恨，怨恨；厌恶
记 词根记忆：re(=back，回)+sent(=feel，感觉) →反感→怨恨；厌恶
搭 resent sb. doing sth. 讨厌某人做某事
例 I resented having to work such long hours. 我讨厌要工作这么长时间。|| "Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege," writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life , a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti- intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. [2004 阅读 Text 4]
历史学家兼教授理查德·霍夫斯塔特在《美国生活中的反智主义》一书中写道：“才学因被看作一种权利或特权而遭到厌恶。”该书探讨了美国政治、宗教和教育中的反智主义的根源，曾获得普利策奖。
派 resentment ( n. 愤恨，怨恨)
同 hate ( vt. 憎恨；讨厌) || grudge ( vt. 怨恨)
反 love ( vt. 爱)
unfortunately [ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənətli] ★★☆☆☆
释 ad. used when you are mentioning a fact that you wish were not true 不幸地；可惜地
例 My new girlfriend may have a nice figure but unfortunately she\\\\'s dead from the neck up.我的新女朋友也许身材很好，但遗憾的是她很笨。|| Unfortunately , these critics are virtually forgotten. [2010 阅读 Text 1] 不幸的是，这些批评家们实际上已被人们遗忘。
同 unluckily ( ad. 不幸地)
辨 unfortunately 往往包含陈述者强烈的感情色彩，且常用作书面语。
● unluckily 常用于指一般的倒霉状况，且常用于口语表达。
extend [ɪkˈstend] ★★★☆☆
释 vt. to continue for a particular distance or over a particular area 延长，延伸；提供，给予
记 词根记忆：ex(=out，出) + tend(=stretch，张开)→伸展出去→延长，延伸
例 The hot weather extended into October. 炎热的天气一直持续到十月。|| But they certainly will reshape it, and all the more so the longer they extend . [2012 英语(二)阅读 Text4] 但它们肯定会改变我们的社会结构，并且艰难的时期持续得越长，改变得越多。
派 extended ( a. 扩大的；延伸的)
二、考研英语每日一句长难句
昨天留的家庭作业:
Being interested in the relationship of language and thought，Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society．
【核心词汇】
determine [dɪˈtɜːmɪn] v． 决定
habitual [həˈbɪtjʊəl] a． 习惯性的
【考点透析】同位语从句、状语
【结构导图】
Being interested in the relationship of language and thought（状语），（Whorf）（主语）developed （谓语）the idea（宾语）∥that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society．（idea 的同位语从句）
【具体分析】
此句的主干为 Whorf developed the idea（Whorf 形成了这样的观点），现在分词短语 Being interested in the relationship of language and thought（对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣）作状语，that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society（在一个社会中，语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构）是 the idea 的同位语从句，解释说明 idea 的内容。
【参考译文】
Whorf 对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣，他逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中，语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。
今天的家庭作业:
The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data．
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