An increasing number of children are developing hypertension, a major risk factor for heart disease.
越来越多的儿童正在罹患高血压，这是心脏病的主要危险因素。
HYPER ABOUT TENSION: Without intervention[1] , children with high blood pressure are likely to[2] become adults with high blood pressure, a risk factor for potentially fatal heart disease.
高血压（高预警？形势紧迫？是不是一语双关哦）：如果不加干预，儿童高血压很有可能成为成年高血压，这是[1] 罹患致命心脏病的潜在因素。
"BEING YOUNG" is not a typical risk factor that comes to mind [3] when thinking about dangerous heart conditions, nor do we expect the pediatrician to test for signs of such problems at an annual checkup.
在思考心脏的危险条件时，我们都知道年轻并不是一个典型的危险因素，我们也不希望儿科医生在年度体检中因有这些问题的征象而申请检查。
But in August, the American Academy of Pediatrics revised its guidelines for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of high blood pressure in youth, the first time these standards have been updated since 2004.
但是在8月份，美国儿科学会修订了关于青少年高血压筛查、诊断和治疗的指南，这些标准是自2004年以来的首次更新。
The new recommendations simplified the diagnostic procedures for pediatric and adolescent high blood pressure, made the definition for hypertension more similar to adult guidelines and changed the term "prehypertension" to "elevated blood pressure."[4]
新的指南简化了儿童和青少年高血压的诊断程序，对高血压做出了与成年人高血压指南相似的定义，将术语“高血压前期”修订为“血压升高”。
The changes make it easier for doctors to spot a growing health threat that seems unbelievable: Children and adolescents are increasingly at risk for a heart condition that has always been tied to aging.
这些变化使得医生更加容易觉察到一个日益增长的、令人难以置信的健康威胁：儿童青少年罹患心脏病的危险性增加，而心脏病一直是与老年化息息相关。
"We think of someone with hypertension as being that 50-year-old man down the street, but it\\\'s becoming more and more common even in young children," says Dr. David Kaelber, a pediatric and internal medicine physician at Case Western Reserve University.
凯斯西储大学的儿科和内科医师戴维·卡尔伯博士说：“我们会觉得某个患有高血压的人应该是街边的50岁的老头，但是人们患高血压的现象越来越普遍了，甚至年轻的儿童也会得高血压。
The shift hints at problems to come. Hypertension affects 3.5 percent of U.S. children, or more than 2.5 million people under 18. That number may seem puny compared with the one-third of U.S. adults with high blood pressure, but Kaelber says it is still worrisome.
这一转变提示了很多将要出现的问题。高血压影响了超过250万18岁以下的美国人，或是说3.5%的儿童。与1/3成年人罹患高血压相比这个数字可能显得微不足道，但是卡尔伯说这仍然很令人担忧。
High blood pressure rates in children and adolescents have risen in line with higher rates of childhood obesity. Without intervention, children with high blood pressure are likely to become adults with high blood pressure, a risk factor for potentially fatal heart disease.
高血压在儿童青少年中的患病率与童年时期的肥胖率成正相关。如果不加干预，儿童时期高血压的很有可能成为到成年高血压，这是罹患致命心脏病的潜在因素。
"KIDS DEFINITELY AREN\\\'T AS HEALTHY AS THEY USED TO BE."
“孩子们肯定不像过去一样健康了。”
Thousands of studies havelinked[5] hypertension in adults to heart attack, stroke, angina and peripheral artery disease. This threat is why[6] adequate screening in young people is so important, says Janet de Jesus, a program officer at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. "Kids definitely aren\\\'t as healthy as they used to be, and these guidelines are going to be a huge asset to the field."
大量研究证明成年高血压与心脏病发作、脑卒中、心绞痛和外周动脉疾病有关。它的这种威胁使得在对年轻人进行充分筛查非常之重要。国家心肺血研究所的项目官员珍妮特·德热苏斯说：“孩子们肯定不像过去那样健康了，这些指南将会是这个领域的一大财富。
There are a variety of causes of high blood pressure in children and adults. Elevated blood lipids can form plaque deposits on arteries, making them narrower and stiffer, which can increase blood pressure.[7]
儿童和成年人罹高血压的原因有很多。血脂升高会在动脉中形成斑块沉积，使血管变得更窄更硬，从而使血压升高。
People with higher body weights have more blood, raising the amount of pressure on the walls of arteries. Smoking damages arteries and leads to inflammation. Kidney problems, obstructive sleep apnea and even medications and thyroid issues can all lead to hypertension.
体重越高的人血容量越大，对动脉管壁的压力也就越大。吸烟可以损伤动脉并导致炎症。肾脏疾病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停，甚至药物和甲状腺问题都可能会导致高血压。
But high blood pressure isn\\\'t just a sign that something is wrong in the body[8] -it\\\'s a problem in and of itself. Hypertension further damages arteries, and the excess strain on the heart can cause that muscle to grow thicker, which can interfere with its ability to deliver blood, oxygen and nutrients to the body.
但是高血压不仅仅是身体内有问题的征象-它本身其实就是个问题。高血压会进一步损伤动脉，并且心脏的负担过重会导致心肌增厚，这样会影响它向身体运输血液、氧气和营养物质的能力。
This cascade of maladies makes hypertension one of the major risk factors for heart disease, along with obesity, high cholesterol, smoking, physical inactivity and diabetes.
疾病的这种瀑布效应使得高血压成为心脏病的主要危险因素之一，同时还有肥胖、高胆固醇、吸烟、缺乏运动和糖尿病等因素。
[1] 这是一个去掉引导词的条件状语从句，在翻译成中文的时候确实应该注意要把如果译出，才能把句子的意思表达清楚。
[2] 可能。
[3] 想到的，思考的。由于后面一句“thinking about”表达同一个意思，所以不必译出。
[4] 英文的表达式：主语+最重要的成分+其他（定语，状语，补语，插入语等）
中文的表达式：主语+其他+最重要的成分
以这句为例，英文主语：The new recommendations，谓语分别是：“simplified”“made”“changed”，宾语分别是：“the diagnostic procedures”“the definition”“the term”
什么东西做了一件什么事情，先出重要成分再讲其他成分，然后翻译的时候根据中文的表达方式把其他成分翻译到宾语前。
[5] Link to 与什么有关
[6] 表语从句，why的意思没有翻译出来，这种威胁正好说明了对年轻人进行充分筛查的重要原因。
[7] 非谓语动词“Elevated”“making”真正的谓语是“form”，所以翻译的主体是:什么形成了什么，血脂升高形成了斑块沉积，使血管变得更窄更硬，which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[8] 这一句也一样，that后面同位语解释说明sign，翻译时放在sign的前面。
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