Super Bowl – What’s The Big Deal?
超级碗 – 有什么大不了的？
New English Patriots vs. Philadelphia Eagles, Feb 4, 2018, US Bank Stadium, Minneapolis, Minnesota
新英格兰爱国者抗衡费城老鹰队， 2018年2月4日， US Bank 体育场， 明尼苏达州，明尼阿波利斯
Each year, millions of football fans celebrate it, family and friends gather around the television to watch it and advertisers flock to it as if it were the holy grail of consumerism. Super Bowl Sunday is not just an ordinary day in America; it's a de facto national holiday. What's the big deal, anyway?
每年, 数以百万计的球迷庆祝它, 家人和朋友聚集在电视机周围观看, 广告商蜂拥而至, 就好像它是消费主义的圣杯。在美国，超级碗星期日不只是一个普通的星期日；实际上这是个全国性的节日。超级碗到底有什么大不了呢？
The Super Bowl is the popular name for the championship game of the National Football League (NFL). It's annually the most-watched single-day sporting event in the world, and in 2016 was broadcast to more than 170 countries and garnered an average of 112 million viewers [sources: Stevenson, Price, Kissell].
美国橄榄球联盟 (NFL) 的冠军比赛，统称超级碗，它每年都是世界上最受关注的单项体育赛事, 在2016年播出到170多个国家, 有一亿一千两百万观众观看。
After winning the Super Bowl, the champions get to hoist one of the most famous trophies in professional sports, the Lombardi trophy. Each trophy is handcrafted by Tiffany & Co. and takes 72 hours to make. The sterling silver trophy has an estimated value of more than $25,000, stands 22 inches (56 centimeters) tall, and weighs 7 pounds (3 kilograms). The front of the trophy is etched with the words "Vince Lombardi" and "Super Bowl," and the Roman numerals for the current Super Bowl. The NFL logo is also etched on the trophy.
在赢得超级碗后, 只有冠军能举起这项最著名的职业体育赛事之一的奖杯， 文斯 隆巴迪杯。每个奖杯都是由蒂芙尼公司手工制作的, 需要72小时。这个纯银奖杯的价值估计超过2.5万美元, 高22英寸 (56 厘米), 重7磅 (3 公斤)。奖杯的前面刻着 “文斯隆巴迪” 和 “超级碗”, 以及该届超级碗的罗马数字。NFL 的标志也铭刻在奖杯上。
Players, coaches, and many others in the team's organization also receive a ring to commemorate the victory. These rings are usually ostentatious in design and size.
球员, 教练, 以及在球队组织中的许多其他人也收到一个戒指来纪念胜利。这些戒指通常在设计和尺寸上都很招摇。
commemorate ：纪念、庆祝
ostentatious ：好夸耀的，炫耀的
Super Bowl Tickets
超级碗门票
Tickets to that original Super Bowl were $6 to $12. Today, Super Bowl tickets are perhaps the most sought-after tickets in sports. The average Super Bowl ticket sells for thousands of dollars, with tickets often resold, or scalped, for many times more than their face value.
原来超级碗的门票是6到12美元。今天, 超级碗门票可能是最抢手的运动门票。平均超级碗门票出售数千美元, 门票往往转售, 后者如果从黄牛手上买, 价钱要比其面值翻许多倍。
Scalped：转手倒卖以盈利
The lucky few who actually attend the Super Bowl are just a small fraction of the game's total audience. Those who can't attend the game watch it on television. In 2015, a record 114.4 million people watched the New England Patriots beat the Seattle Seahawks 28 to 24, making the game the most watched TV broadcast in U.S. history [source: Patten]. The global numbers are more debatable, but the NFL claims it has a potential worldwide audience of nearly 1 billion viewers.
真正观看超级碗比赛的幸运儿只是观赛总观众的一小部分。那些不能在现场观看比赛的人在电视上观看。在 2015年, 创纪录的1亿1千4百40万人观看了新英格兰爱国者队以28：24击败西雅图海鹰队, 使这场比赛成为在美国历史上最受瞩目的电视转播。全球观众数字或许还有些争议, 但 NFL 声称它的全球观众有可能接近10亿。
Super Bowl Commercials
超级碗广告
Super Bowl Sunday isn't all about the football game for some viewers. A large segment of the audience tunes in to the game just to see the commercials. Often, the commercials are as hot a topic of water-cooler conversations the next day as the game itself.
对于一些观众来说超级碗星期日并不都是为了一场（美式）足球比赛。一大部分的观众看这场比赛只是为了看广告。通常, 这些广告在第二天就像比赛本身一样成为闲聊的热门话题。
There's no bigger spectacle in the world than the Super Bowl. Advertising time during the Super Bowl is the most expensive ones in television. NBC charged an average of $3 million for a 30-second ad in the 2009 Super Bowl; by 2017, Fox was charging $5 million–$5.5 million for Super Bowl ad spots.
世界上没有比超级碗更大的奇观了。在超级碗的广告时间是最昂贵的。超级碗期间每个30秒的广告费，NBC 在2009平均收取300万美元; 到 2017年, 福克斯收取了500万-550万美元的广告费。
Entertainment
娱乐
As the popularity of the game increased, a trend where popular singers and musicians performed during its pre-game ceremonies and the halftime show, or simply sang the national anthem of the United States, emerged. Unlike regular season or playoff games, thirty minutes are allocated for the Super Bowl halftime. The NFL sought to increase the Super Bowl's audience by hiring A-list talent to perform. They approached Michael Jackson, whose performance drew higher figures than the game itself. Another notable performance came during Super Bowl XXXVI in 2002, when U2 performed; during their third song, "Where the Streets Have No Name", the band played under a large projection screen which scrolled through names of the victims of the September 11 attacks.
随着这场比赛越来越受人欢迎， 流行的歌手和音乐家在比赛前的典礼和中场休息时表演, 或者干脆唱了美国国歌, 形成了惯例。 和常规或淘汰赛不同, 超级碗比赛安排了三十分钟中场休息。NFL 试图通过邀请最抢手的演艺明星，来吸引更多观众。他们请到了迈克尔. 杰克逊, 他的表现的收视率比比赛本身还高。另一个著名的表演是U2在2002年的第36届超级碗的表演；在他们演唱第三首歌曲 “无名街道”时, 在大屏幕上滚动放映着在911恐怖袭击中受难者的名字。
For many years, Whitney Houston‘s performance of the national anthem at Super Bowl XXV in 1991, during the Gulf War, had long been regarded as one of the best renditions of the anthem in history.
多年来,, 惠特尼休斯敦在海湾战争期间，在1991年的第25届超级碗上国歌的演唱, 一直被认为是历史上最好的国歌演唱之一。
rendition ：演出，演唱
The halftime show of Super Bowl XXXVIII attracted controversy, following an incident in which Justin Timberlake removed a piece of Janet Jackson's top, briefly exposing one of her breasts before the broadcast quickly cut away from the shot. The incident led to fines being issued by the FCC (and a larger crackdown over "indecent" content broadcast on television), and MTV (then a sister to the game's broadcaster that year, CBS, under Viacom) being banned by the NFL from producing the Super Bowl halftime show in the future. In an effort to prevent a repeat of the incident, the NFL held a moratorium on Super Bowl halftime shows featuring pop performers, and instead invited a single, headlining veteran act, such as Paul McCartney, The Who, Prince, and Bruce Springsteen. This practice ended at Super Bowl XLV, which returned to using current pop acts such as The Black Eyed Peas and Katy Perry.
第38届超级碗的中场表演秀引起了争议, 在贾斯汀·汀布莱克撕掉了珍妮特杰克逊的上衣后, 短暂地使她上身曝光, 然后广播马上转到其它镜头。这一事件导致了美国联邦通讯委员会的罚款 (以及对电视上 “不雅” 内容的更大打击) 和 MTV (当时和那年的超级碗承播公司CBS同在Viacom旗下的姐妹公司) 被 NFL 禁止在将来制作超级碗中场秀。为了防止再次发生这一事件, NFL 举行了暂停超级碗中场表演, 取而代之，NFL改成了中场演出只邀请一个资深人士领衔出演的形式, 这些老将像保罗麦卡特尼, The WHO, Prince, 和Bruce Springsteen。这种做法在第45届超级碗才结束, NFL返回到聘请现时流行艺人的方式, 受请艺人如黑眼豆豆和凯蒂佩里。
moratorium ：暂停，暂禁
Excluding Super Bowl XXXIX, the famous "I'm going to Disney World!" advertising campaign took place in every Super Bowl since Super Bowl XXI when quarterback Phil Simms from the New York Giants became the first player to say the tagline.
除了第39届超级碗, 著名的 “我要去迪斯尼世界!”广告从第21届超级碗开始出现在每届超级杯。第21届 超级碗，纽约巨人队的四分卫 Phil Simms成为了第一个说这个广告语的球员。
Super Bowl By the Numbers
超级碗 – 用数字说事
超级碗一个周末在全美境内的零食销量
Food:
吃的
Beer – 50 Million cases， enough to fill 200 Olympic size swimming pool
啤酒 – 50,000,000 箱。 足能填满200个奥运会标准池
Chicken Wings 鸡翅 – 1.35 Billion – 125 chicken wings for each person in Africa
鸡翅 – 13.5亿 – 足够非洲人口每个人125个鸡翅
Avocado – 139 Million pounds
牛油果 – 1亿3900磅
Potato chips – $277 million
薯片– $277,000,000
Tortilla chips – $225 million
玉米片– $225,000,000
Meat snacks – $99 million
肉小吃– $99,000,000
Popcorn – $89 million
爆米花 – $89,000,000
Deli salads – $80 million
外买沙拉 – $80,000,000
Cheese snacks – $71 million
奶酪小吃 – $71,000,000
Deli sandwiches – $58 million
外买三明治 – $58,000,000
Salty snack dips – $42 million
咸味小吃沾酱 – $42,000,000
Deli platters – $23 million
外买小吃盘 – $23,000,000
Vegetable trays – $13 million
蔬菜盘 – $13,000,000
Average intake – 1200 Cal
平均热量摄入 – 1200 卡路里
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