今天有朋友在饭团上向我提问这样一个问题:
...found record levels of marketing resistance from consumers; a majority reported negative opinions about marketing and advertising and said they avoid products they feel are overmarketed.
they avoid products they feel are overmarketed这句话为什么用了are?意思看得懂,但句子结构怎么分析呢?
我们把这段话的从句部分提取出来:
they avoid products they feel are overmarketed.
这段话其实是由两个从句构成:
They avoid products... 什么样的products呢?that they feel are overmarketed修饰products,这是一个定语从句。
定语从句部分they feel are overmarketed中又含有一个宾语从句, they feel that are overmarketed.
that are overmarketed是products的修饰语,也是they feel的宾语,这种结构被称为“嵌入式关系分句” -- 宾语从句“嵌入”到了定语从句中。《新编高级英语语法》中给出了这样的例句:
She has an adpoted child who she says was an orphan. (她有一个她说曾是孤儿的养子/养女。)
I've got a proposition that I'm sure will interest you. (我有一个提议相信会引起你的兴趣)
注意,they avoid products they feel are overmarketed这句话中的“they feel”和“插入语”差不多,把they feel删掉也不会影响句子结构的完整性。但是要注意它和真正的插入语还是不同的。
那这句话把are去掉,写成they avoid products they feel overmarketed对不对?如果这样写的话从句部分就变成了:
they feel products overmarketed. ❌
feel一般不会这样用。Practical English Usage中说明了feel的用法:
我们可以写成:
they feel products to be overmarketed. (比较正式、少见)✅
they feel that products are overmarketed. (更常见,也是问题中作者的写法)✅
从这一个问题中我们可以至少学到两件事。一是有疑问就主动去解决,自己解决不了可以去问问别人(例如问我啊😄);二是要注意动词的语法特点,不确定就要多查查字典和工具书。
“学起于思,思源于疑”,如果你有一段时间没有过疑惑、没犯过错误的话,可能你这段时间并没有在学习。当我们有疑惑和犯错误的时候,不要沮丧,反而是要高兴才是,因为这意味着我们有进步了呢。
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