在《新概念英语》经典版第二册第80课的难点部分,出现了有关on引导的短语用法,今天就来跟大家做个梳理分享。
该短语表示“展览;公开展出”。类似的短语还有:on show。如:
His paintings are on display at the exhibition. 他的绘画正在展览会上展出。
These pictures will be on show next week. 下周将公开展出这些画。
该短语表示“出差”。如:
I have to go to London on business tomorrow. 明天我要到伦敦去办事。
He travels to the state on business twice a year. 他每年两次去美国进行商务旅行。
该短语表示“走路;步行”。如:
The old couple enjoyed travelling on foot. 这对老人喜欢徒步旅行。
If the weather permits, I'll go to town on foot. 如果天气许可,我将步行进城。
该短语表示“值班;当班”。如:
He reported the murder to the police on duty. 他将凶杀事件告知值班警察。
Two retired workers are on duty guarding the gate. 两个退休工人值班守卫大门。
该短语表示“总的来说;总体而言”。如:
We have our bad times, but on the whole, we're fairly happy. 我们有过糟糕的时期,但整体上来说还是相当快乐的。
On the whole, I'm in favour of the proposal. 总的说来,我赞成这个提议。
该短语表示“着火;起火”。如:
If your home was on fire and you could save only one thing, what would it be? 如果你家着了火,而你只能抢救出一样东西,你会拿什么呢?
The house was on fire last night and was burned down. 那幢房子昨晚着火了,被烧为平地。
该短语表示“故意地;有意地”。如:
I didn't do it on purpose - it was an accident. 我不是故意这样做的,是个意外。
She seems to do these things on purpose. 她似乎是有意地做这些事。
该短语表示“平均而言;一般来说”。如:
On the average I read six books a month. 我平均一个月读六本书。
How many pictures do you take each time on the average? 每次使用你通常会拍多少照片?
该短语表示“无论如何”。如:
A doctor should never, on any account, break his confidence. 医生无论如何都不能失去信心。
This switch must not be touched on any account. 无论如何都不要触摸开关。
【注意】
该短语的否定表达为:on no account,表示“决不;切莫”。如:
Employees must on no account make personal phone calls from the office. 员工绝对不许在办公室打私人电话。
On no account shall you go to bed with the gas on. 您无论如何不可让煤气开着,自己去睡觉。
该短语表示“(要改变主意)又一想,转念一想”。thought也可以用单数形式。如:
Can I have a cup of coffee, please? - actually, on second thoughts, I'll have a beer. 请来杯咖啡——说实话,我改主意了,来杯啤酒好了。
On second thought, I'm going home on this vacation. 仔细想了之后,我打算回家休假。
该短语表示“按时;准时”。如:
To our astonishment, they arrived on time. 使我们惊讶的是,他们准时到了。
He will come on time even though it rains. 即使下雨,他还是会准时来的。
该短语表示“在船(车或飞机)上”。如:
Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesman. 船上的很多旅客开始与商人讨价还价了。
The hijackers kept the pilot on board the plane as (a) hostage. 劫机者把飞机驾驶员扣留在飞机上作为人质。
该短语表示“在手边; 现有”。如:
He had to make a shift with what was on hand. 他只好用现有的东西将就应付。
There weren't enough snacks on hand for the party. 现有宴会的点心不够用。
【注意】
英语还有个短语:at hand,它也可以表示“在手边”,但它还可以表示“即将到来”。如:
He always kept the picture of his girlfriend's close at hand. 他总是把女朋友的相片放在身边。
Your big moment is at hand. 你的重大时刻即将到来。
该短语表示“打折出售”。如:
Many sweet foods are on sale in the store. 这家商店在廉价出售多种甜食。
Is this toothpaste on sale today? 这种牙膏今天减价出售吗?
【注意】
英语中还有一个常用短语:for sale,表示“出售;待售”。如:
The goods for sale are set out attractively. 出售的货物陈列得非常诱人。
We have many types of cosmetics for sale. 我们有许多种化妆品待售。
该短语表示“代表”。如:
She invested the money on behalf of her ward. 她代表受她监护的人投资。
I will like to extend a warm welcome to you on behalf of our fair. 我代表本次交易会向你们表示热烈的欢迎。
该短语表示“究竟;到底”。如:
How on earth did you manage that? 你到底是怎么做的?
Why on earth didn't you tell me the truth? 你到底为什么不跟我说实话?
该短语表示“一方面”。该短语常和on the other (hand)连用。如:
He has been criticized on one hand and encouraged on the other. 他一方面受到批评,另一方面却受到鼓励。
On one hand I have to work; on the other hand I have many visitors to see. 一方面我必须工作;另一方面我有许多来宾要照看。
该短语表示“相反;反而”。如:
I'm not ill. On the contrary, I'm very healthy. 我没有生病。正相反,我很健康。
On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反,这事儿很容易理解。
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