马蒂斯、鲁奥的老师Gustave Moreau(1826-1898)

来源     油画世界  ArtYouhua

 自画像,1850

Gustave Moreau

法国画家, (1826-1898)

—ArtYouhua—

正文

他的出色学生有：

亨利·马蒂斯 (Henri Matisse 1869-1954)

乔治·鲁奥 (Georges Rouault 1871-1958年)

The Chimera,1867

古斯塔夫·莫罗(Gustave Moreau, 1826-1898)，象征主义画家，出生于巴黎一个建筑师的家里。莫罗绘画中的色彩，光怪陆离，深沈而又闪烁，他主张美的色调不可能从照抄自然中得到，绘画必须依靠思索、想象和梦幻才能获得。莫罗画的大多是宗教传说和神话故事，他把作品置身于神话与梦幻的世界中，用虚幻的主题构思和矫饰的形象，传达浓厚的、怪异的神秘主义情调。

Song of songs,1853

1846年，莫罗进入巴黎美术学校学习，他常到德拉克洛瓦的画室求教，与德拉克洛瓦的学生夏塞里奥成为朋友。受其影响，莫罗对古典派的技巧和浪漫派的热情兼收并蓄，既有古典派的传统造型能力，又善于运用华丽灿烂的色彩。

Apollo and The Nine Muses,1856

1857年莫罗到意大利学习，临摹卡拉瓦乔、米开朗基罗的作品，60年代又致力于东方艺术研究，日本的浮士绘、印度和波斯的细密画都对莫罗的艺术风格有很大影响。70年代，印象主义绘画兴起，莫罗坚定地站在反对印象主义的立场，指责印象主义者的艺术只不过是浅薄的、记录式的、毫无思想的艺术，莫罗主张艺术应当是思辨的、富于哲理的思想的体现。

Thracian Girl Carrying the Head of Orpheus,1864

莫罗时代的法国，因为革命的失败和拿破仑主义的幻灭，加之普法战争的影响，人们对社会现实感到绝望，人心的颓废不可避免的表现在艺术上。 

Two Modern Horsewomen,1852

莫罗前半生几乎是个与社会隔绝的人，他为了他的艺术选择了孤独的生活。莫罗曾经在意大利旅居，这对他有很大影响，绘画技法上使他倾向与古典主义，思想上则深受泛神论影响。后来莫罗成为教师，显示出极大的才能，野兽派的创始者马蒂斯是他最有名的弟子之一。 

Horseman,1852-1854

莫罗绘画的题材不仅取材于西方古典神话故事，也取材于印度神话故事。他的作品具有东方式的奢华，但多现出诡异的神秘性，缺乏圣洁的感情，因此使观者难以因感官的愉悦而生亲切之情，但莫罗的作品有一种令人不能忽视的力量。莫罗的技法是古典主义的，思想是浪漫主义的，而表现出来的却是魔幻主义的。

The Young Man and Death,1865

The Birth of Venus,1866

The Chimera,1867

Diomedes Devoured by his Horses,1866

Portrait of Eugene `Lacheur,1852

The Daughters of Thespius,1853

Abduction of the Young Venetian Woman by Cypriot Pirates,1851

Pieta,1854

Alice,1855

The Chimera,1856

Hesiod and the Muse,1857

Copy of Raphael s Cherub,1858

Male nude and other studies,1858

Portrait of Degas in Florence,1858

View of the Villa Borthese,1858

Degas portrait in the Uffizi,1859

Death Offers Crowns to the Winner of the Tournament,1855-1860

Hesiod and the Muses,1860

Male nude,1860

Removal Dejanira,1860

Study for the head of `Oedipus,1860

The Suitors,1862

The Sphinx,1864

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View of the Garden of Madame Aupick, Mother of Baudelaire,1864

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After,1865

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Diomedes Being Eaten by his Horses,1865

Jason,1865

Orpheus,1865

The Voices,1867

Pieta,1867

Promethée,1868

The Muses Leaving their Father Apollo to Go Out and Light the World,1868

The Poet and the Saint,1868

Perseus and Andromeda,1867-1869

Saint George,1869

Saint Sebastian being Tended by Saintly Women,1869

The Abduction of Europa,1869

The Martyred St. Sebastian,1869

Death of Sappho,1870

Hesiod and the Muse,1870

Perseus and Andromeda,1870

Saint Sebastian and His Executioners,1870

The Good Samaritan,1870

Sappho on the Cliff,1872

Sappho on the Rocks,1869-1872

Self-portrait,1872

The Sirens,1872

Saint Margaret,1873

The Execution of Messalina,1874

Desdemona,1875

Saint Sebastian,1870-1875

Salome,1875

Salome (Entering the Banquet Room),1875

Salome dancing before Herod,1875

The Death of Sappho,1872-1875

Young Thracian Woman Carrying the Head of Orpheus,1875

Leda,1865-1875

Hercules and the Hydra Lernaean,1876

Ibis,1876

Salome Dancing before Herod,1876

Salome Carrying the Head of John the Baptist on a Platter,1876

Salome in Prison,1873-1876

St. Sebastian and the Angel,1876

The Apparition,1876

The Death of Sappho,1873-1876

The Apparition,1876

Fairy and Griffon,1876

Pieta,1876

Salome in the Garden,1878

The Sphinx Defeated,1878

The Wicked Rich and the Poor Lazarus,1875-1878

David,1878

Jacob and the Angel,1878

Phaethon,1878

Phoebus and Boreas,1879

St. Elisabeth of Hungary (The Miracle of the Roses),1879

Christ in the Garden,1880

Galatea,1880

Hercules at Lake Stymphalos,1875-1880

Leda,1875-1880

Night,1880

Pasiphae and the Bul,1876-1880

Rea and Captives,1878-1880

Woman and Panther (Salome and the Panther),1880

Salomé,1880

Sappho in Leucadia,1880

The Dream Haunting the Mogul,1881

The Peacock complaining to Juno,1881

Evening and Sorrow,1882

Giotto,1882

Saint Martin,1882

Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan,1882