美国历史上的今天
尼克松从越南撤兵
每天一篇《美国历史上的今天》，提炼和总结历史在今天发生的重要事件：谁，在哪里，什么时候，做了什么，这件事为什么重要、以及在写关于什么主题的论文的时候可以作为潜在论据引用。
每天半分钟，轻松积累史实
为AP历史拿5分打下坚实基础
When: Jan 13, 1972
What: President Richard Nixon announced that 70,000 U.S. troops would leave South Vietnam over the next three months, reducing U.S. troop strength there by May 1 to 69,000 troops.
Why significant: Vietnam was a major political issue during the U.S. presidential election in 1968. Richard Nixon won the election largely because he claimed to have a plan to end the Vietnam War. He promised "peace with honor" in the Vietnam War and proclaimed that "new leadership will end the war and win the peace in the Pacific". So when he swore the oath of office on January 20, 1969, he knew that ending the Vietnam War honorably was essential to his success in the presidency.
Following his election, President Nixon began to withdraw American troops from Vietnam in June 1969. He defused anti-war protests by replacing the military draft with a lottery. He also tried to reduce American casualties by having South Vietnamese soldiers bear more of the ground fighting--a process he called "Vietnamization." He provided the South Vietnamese army with new training and improved weapons and tried to frighten the North Vietnamese to the peace table by demonstrating his willingness to bomb urban areas and mine harbors. He also hoped to orchestrate Soviet and Chinese pressure on North Vietnam.
Nixon expected that the American people would give him a year to end U.S. involvement in the war. However, it in fact took him five years to disengage the U.S. from Vietnam. The last American troops would be withdrawn in March 1973 under the provisions of the Paris Peace Accords.
Tags: Vietnam War, President Richard Nixon, Vietnamization
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