There have long been theories that when great white sharks bite humans, it is a case of mistaken identity.
长期以来，有一些理论认为，当大白鲨咬人时，这是因为它们错把人当海豹了。
Now, new research simulating the way that a shark would view the world has shown that this may really be the case.
如今，一项新的研究模拟了鲨鱼看待世界的方式，研究表明这可能确实是事实。
Researchers from Australia's Macquarie University in Sydney found that swimming or paddle boarding humans bear a strong likeness to seals and sea lions in the eyes of juvenile white sharks.
来自澳大利亚悉尼麦格理大学的研究人员发现，在幼年白鲨的眼中，游泳或划桨登船的人类与海豹和海狮有很大的相似之处。
Great white sharks, along with bull sharks and tiger sharks, account for the most bites on humans, researchers said in a press release Wednesday.
研究人员在周三的一份新闻稿中说，大白鲨，连同公牛鲨和虎鲨，咬伤事件是最多的。
They are the world's largest predatory fish, according to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), and are known to rip chunks out of their prey, which are swallowed whole.
根据世界野生动物基金会(WWF)的数据，它们是世界上最大的食肉鱼类，它们以从猎物身上咬掉大块的食物而为人所知。
Incidents of sharks biting humans are rare, but have risen "substantially" over the past 20 years, researchers from Macquarie University found in 2019.
麦格理大学的研究人员在2019年发现，鲨鱼咬人的事件非常罕见，但在过去20年里“大幅”上升。
But in spite of their fearsome reputation, great white sharks are a vulnerable species and their numbers are decreasing, according to WWF.
但据世界自然基金会(WWF)称，尽管大白鲨享有可怕的声誉，但它们是一种脆弱的物种，它们的数量正在减少。
Researchers studied and compared underwater videos of seals, sea lions and humans swimming in various ways, along with rectangular floats and humans paddling on different sized surfboards, using stationary and traveling cameras to capture the footage.
研究人员研究并比较了海豹、海狮和人类以各种方式游泳的水下视频，以及长方形浮子和人类在不同大小的冲浪板上划水的情况，使用固定和旅行相机捕捉到了这段视频。
"We attached a GoPro to an underwater scooter, and set it to travel at a typical cruising speed for predatory sharks," lead author Laura Ryan, a post-doctoral researcher in animal sensory systems at Macquarie University's Neurobiology Lab, said in a statement.
麦格理大学神经生物学实验室的动物感觉系统博士后研究员劳拉·瑞安在一份声明中说：“我们把GoPro装在水下滑板车上，并让它以典型的巡航速度行驶到掠夺性鲨鱼的身边。”她是麦格理大学神经生物学实验室动物感觉系统的博士后研究员。
Using a catalog of shark neuroscience data, researchers then applied filters to the video footage and created modeling programs that would simulate the way in which a young white shark would see the movements and shapes of different objects.
然后，研究人员利用鲨鱼神经科学数据目录，将滤镜应用到视频片段中，并创建了模拟年轻白鲨观察不同物体的运动和形状的建模程序。
Researchers confirmed that humans who swim and paddle surfboards bear a strong resemblance to seals and sea lions in the eyes of young white sharks, supporting the mistaken identity theory behind some bites.
专家证实，在年轻的白鲨眼中，游泳和划冲浪板的人类与海豹和海狮有很大的相似之处，支持了一些咬伤背后的错误身份理论。
Most sharks are color blind, meaning that colors on surfboards and wetsuits make little difference when it comes to a shark's view of humans in the water, researchers said.
研究人员说，大多数鲨鱼都是色盲，这意味着冲浪板和潜水服上的颜色对鲨鱼对水中人类的看法没有多大影响。
"Understanding why shark bites occur can help us find ways to prevent them, while keeping both humans and sharks safer," Ryan added.
“了解鲨鱼咬伤发生的原因可以帮助我们找到防止鲨鱼咬伤的方法，同时保持人类和鲨鱼的安全，”瑞安补充说。
The research was published Wednesday in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface.
这项研究于周三发表在“皇家学会杂志”页面上。
联系客服
