变化多端的there be 句型
先来看几个句子,试着用英文表达它们:
1)火车站附近矗立(stand)着一个历史博物馆。
2) 以前在这个拐角有(used to be)家书店。
3) 山脚下有( lie )一个小镇。
4) 从前,村里住(live)着一个大户人家。
5) 碰巧(happen to be)附近有旅客经过。
6) 这辆车似乎/好像有(appear/seem to be )点问题。
7) 这台计算机一定有(must be)问题。
8) 他的文章里不可能(can’t be )有什么错误。
9) 我们仍然有许多事要做(to do)。
10)今年我们家乡已经有(there have been)好几所私立学院了。
看看参考答案吧:
1)There stands a history museum near the station.
2)There used to be(was)a bookstore on the corner before.
3)There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.
4)Once upon a time, there lived a big family in a village.
5)There happened to be passengers passing by.
6) There appears/seems to be a problem with the car.
7)There must be something wrong with the computer.
8)There can’t be any mistakes in his passage/article.
9) There are still a lot of things for us to do.
10)There have been several private colleges in our hometown this year.
说明:1-4句中,there be 结构中的be动词分别用不同的动词替换了,再也不是千篇一律的there is/are了,是否让人有耳目一新的感觉。这种变化了的there be句型运用的得体也会让阅卷老师耳目一新的,多给几分自然是没问题了。常用来替换be动词的有不及物动词appear, seem, live,stand,exist,remain , exist , come , go , occur ,lie,knock 和arrive等,用来表示“存在、发生、出现、坐落和有”等。又如:There remains nothing more to be done. 没有什么要做的事了。(remain:仍然是,仍然还有);There goes the bell for class. (上课铃响了。); There comes the bus. (公共汽车来了。) Then there came a knock at the door. (然后有人敲门。)There exist many ancient temples in the country.(那个国家有很多古老的寺庙。)
在句2)中,用了used to be (过去是/有。。。。。。)现在不复存在了,用来代替was/were.。注意:used to be 没有单复数之分。也要注意别写成了 be used to doing(习惯于)的形式。
5-6句,用happen to be ,seem to be 和appear to be.替代be动词,表达出了更丰富具体的含义。7-8句中,为表达意思的需要,there be 结构中的be动词替换成了各种“情态动词”,把作者的情感态度表达的淋漓尽致。需注意的是:一定有(肯定推断)用There must be …;不可能有(否定推断)用there can’t be …。这与初中所学的肯定句的there be句型中用some,变成否定句,some就要变成not any 有相似之处。
句9中,there be 句型后面接了动词不定式(主动形式),表“将来时”含义。在由"there be +主语"引起的句子中,用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式,也可以用主动形式。例如:
There is no time to lose /to be lost. (一点时间也不能浪费了。)There are still many things to take care of /to be taken care of. (有许多事需要处理。)一般多用主动形式。但是有时候两种形式可能表示不同的意思。试比较:There is nothing to do now. (We have nothing to do now. 我们现在无事可做。) There is nothing to be done now. (We can do nothing now. 我们现在什么也做不了。) There is nothing to see (nothing worth seeing没什么值得看的). There is nothing to be seen (nothing there at all没有什么可看的). 句10)可能眼快的同学已经注意到,昨天不是斩钉截铁地说了吗:绝没有“there have +主语”这么一说了吗?您可看清楚了,今天的句型是:“there +have been+ 主语” 即there be句型与现在完成时的完美结合。表示“某事已经发生或存在”了。跟there be 与have (有)混用完全是两码事。又如:There have been great changes in China since 1990s.自从20世纪90年代以来,中国发生了巨大变化。There has been lots of /much bread at home.家里已有许多面包。若还不清楚二者的不同,请记住“there have/has been +主语”就是对的,在这一结构中,有been就是对的,有been 就是对,有been 就是对。(重要的话说三遍)
小结:今天我们讨论了
1)there be 句型与某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词连用,如:appear, seem, come, remain, exist, live, stand, lie, go, occur, happen, knock, arrive 等。
2) There be 句型也可以与seem to be 、appear to be 、used to be、be likely to be、happen to be …. 等谓语动词连用,表达更加丰富多彩的含义。3)there be 句型与情态动词连用,更好地表达作者的情感态度。
4)there be 句型与不定式连用,阐述未来的将要发生的事。
5)there be 句型与现在完成时连用,表示“某事已经发生或存在”。
小试牛刀:请用上面所学知识将下面短文用英文表达出来
昨天是中秋节。我和我的同班同学去参观了长城。我们先乘公共汽车来到了附近的停车场。当我们到达长城山顶上时,已经有许多人在上面玩的很开心了。几百年前,有大批的士兵驻扎在这儿。长城的墙上有许多孔,似乎当时发生过激烈的战斗。我想,长城上一定发生过不少的有趣的事。
提示词:驻扎:be stationed
【参考答案4】
It was the Mid-autumn Festival yesterday. My classmates and I went to visit the Great Wall. Firstly, we arrived at the bus stop nearby, when we got to the top of the Great Wall, there were a lot of people enjoying themselves there. Hundreds of years ago there used to be a large number of soldiers being stationed here. There are many holes in the Great Wall. There seemed to be a fierce fight at that time. I guess there must have been many interesting things with the Great Wall.
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