1 惩罚：
give very strict punishments 给予严厉惩罚
give harsh punishments 给予严厉惩罚
are severely punished 被严厉惩罚
punish lawbreakers 惩罚犯罪者
a heavy fine 高额罚款
penalty 惩罚；处罚；刑罚
impose a penalty 予以惩罚
rehabilitate /ˌriːəˈbɪlɪteɪt/ them 改造他们
throw offenders into prison 把犯罪分子关进监狱
send a lawbreaker to prison 把犯罪分子关进监狱
be sent to prison 关进监狱
jail lawbreakers 把犯罪分子关进监狱
prison time 服刑，服刑时间
be arrested 被逮捕
alternative punishments 其他的惩罚方式
make them do work for the local community 让他们为当地社区工作
do unpaid work for the local community 为当地社区做免费劳动
mow public lawns 割草
remove graffiti 去除涂鸦
The punishment should fit the crime. 罚宜当罪。
a severe sentence 重判
face life in prison 面临终身监禁
face the death penalty 面临死刑
reinstate the death penalty 恢复死刑
capital punishment 死刑
death sentence 死刑
impose the death sentence for certain crimes 因某些罪行判处罪犯死刑
Bringing back the death penalty would be the ultimate abuse of human rights. 恢复死刑将是对人权最极端恶劣的践踏。
2 犯罪分子
offender 犯罪分子
lawbreaker 犯罪分子
criminal 犯罪分子
minor offender轻罪犯
murderer 杀人犯
rapist/ˈreɪpɪst/ 强奸犯
drug-dealer 毒贩
armed robber 持械抢劫犯
felon /ˈfelən/ 重罪犯
3 犯罪
commit offences 犯罪
commit minor crimes 轻微犯罪
break the law 犯罪
petty theft 小偷小摸
drunk driving 酒驾
speeding 超速驾驶
We are now witnessing an unprecedented /ʌnˈpresɪdentɪd/ increase in violent crime. 我们现在看到暴力犯罪空前增多。
4 青少年犯罪
in their late teens 少年晚期；20岁左右的青年男女
be impulsive/ɪmˈpʌlsɪv/ in their decision-making 在做决定方面很冲动
learn to act rationally学着理性做事
thoroughly consider the consequences of 彻底思考某事的后果
be irresponsible 不负责任的
young offenders 少年犯
a juvenile detention centre 少年犯拘留所
homes for delinquent children少管所
juvenile crime 青少年犯罪
5 措施
implement a host of policies and measures 贯彻一系列的政策和措施
No one single solution can be labelled as 'the best' solution to the problem. 没有一个单独的措施可以称为最好的来解决这个问题的措施。
try out acombination of measures and policies that involve sth. 尝试结合性的措施和政策，包含...
is a means to fight crime 是打击犯罪的一种手段
6 司法系统
have a justice system 有司法系统
sends a clear message through society 对全社会发出明显信号
Crime will not be tolerated. 犯罪不会被容忍。
7 结果
好的：
go some way towards improving sth. 结果会改善某事
deter sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
make substantial improvement 有实质性的改善
have a positive effect on improving sth. 对改善...有积极影响
raise awareness of 提高意识
protect the innocent 保护无辜的人
prevent and deter crime 阻止和震慑犯罪
prevent criminals from causing their victims more harm and from causing harm to more victims 阻止犯罪分子对受害者进行更多伤害，也阻止犯罪分子伤害更多受害者
remember the price of breaking the law 记得破坏法律的代价
help to deter them from committing further crimes 帮助阻止他们进一步犯罪
serves as a deterrent/dɪˈterənt/ to other would-be offenders 对其他潜在罪犯有一种震慑作用
help them realise that everybody has the duty tomake a positive contribution to society 帮助他们意识到每个人都有义务为社会做贡献
become responsible and law-abiding/ˈlɔː əbaɪdɪŋ/ citizens 成为有责任心的守法的公民
change who they are and how they behave 改变他们自己和行为
go further towards rehabilitating them 让他们更好地改过自新
不好的：
cause pain and suffering to victims and their loved ones 对受害人和他们的亲人造成疼痛与痛苦
pose a serious threat to their own safety 对自身安全造成严重的威胁
may well end up becoming repeat offenders 很可能最终成为再次犯罪的人
is bound /baʊnd/ to fail 一定会失败
put them in direct contact with felons/ˈfelən/ 让他们和重罪犯有直接接触
is not necessarily the best way to deal with his or her crime 不一定是最好的方法来处理某人的犯罪
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