【医英难句】系列#39#40

医学英语难句剖析

2022-01-28

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• No.39

• 语法注释

• 参考译文

• NO.40

• 词汇注释

• 语法注释：

• 参考译文

No.39

Such use as we are able to make of helpful bacteria and such control as we have of harmful ones depend upon our knowledge of their habits.

语法注释

1. use 和 control 都是名词，作主语。depend upon 是谓语，knowledge 是宾语。

2. as we are able to make of helpful bacteria 是由关系代词 as 引导的定语从句，修饰use，并充当 are able to make 的宾语。

3. as we have of harmful ones 是由关系代词 as 引导的定语从句，修饰control，并充当 have 的宾语。

4. of their habits 是介词短语，作定语，修饰 knowledge。

参考译文

我们对有益细菌的利益和对有害细菌的控制，都有赖于我们对细菌习性的了解。

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NO.40

It can readily be understood, aslo, that while the fetus floats around in the amniotic fluid it can not breathe in the oxygen it needs. Thus the fetus has to get its supply of oxygen from the mother. This the fetus does by way of placenta. The placenta therefor not only acts as a feeding mechanism, but aslo because of the exchange of gases between the mother's blood and the tissue substances of the fetus acts in place of the fetal lungs.

词汇注释

• fetus  美 [fiːtəs]

n.
胎儿

• amniotic  美 [æmniɔtɪk]

adj.
羊膜的

• placenta  美 [pləˈsentə]

n.
胎盘

语法注释：

1. It can readily be understood it是形式主语，真正的主语是由从属连接词that引导的主语从句，can readily be understood 是谓语。

2. has to get 相当于 must get，have + 动词不定式 构成的复合谓语。

参考译文

当胎儿在羊水中浮动时，它不能吸入其所需的氧气，这一点也是很容易理解的。因而胎儿不得不从母体获得氧的供给。胎儿是通过胎盘做到这一点的。因此胎盘不仅起着喂养机构的作用，而且由于母体的血液和胎儿组织物质间有气体交换，胎盘还起着代替胎儿肺的作用。