【医英难句】系列#65#66

医学英语难句剖析

*2022-06-20

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医学英语难句剖析No.65词汇注释语法注释参考译文NO.66词汇注释语法注释：参考译文

No.65

There is slightly more fluid which leaves the blood vessels than is absorbed back into the blood vessels,and this excess of fluid is removed by lymphatics.    

词汇注释

• excess美 [ɪkˈses]

n.
多余，超过，过量
adj.
过多的，超额的

• lymphatic  美 [lɪmˈfætɪk]

adj.
淋巴的，含淋巴的
n.
淋巴管，淋巴腺

语法注释

1. there is slightly more fluid, there 是引导词，fluid是主语。slightly more 作“稍多些”解。

2. than is absorbed back into the blood vessels 是由从属连接词 than 引导的比较状语从句，修饰leaves。

参考译文

流出血管的液体比被血管吸收回去的液体稍多些。这多余的液体由淋巴管排除。

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NO.66

In compensated cases the fall in blood pressure stimulates the carotid and aortic arch reflexes with resulting vasoconstriction and cardiac acceleration, which are adequate to maintain the circulation.In uncompensated cases the response is inadequate, the blood pressure continues to fall, and the resulting tissue anoxia leads to further capillary dilatation and transudation of plasma into the tissue, so that the volume of circulating blood is still further reduced. in this way a vicious is set up which it is difficult to break.

词汇注释

• carotid 美 [kəˈrɑːtɪd]

n.
颈动脉
adj.
（与）颈动脉（有关）的

• aortic  美 [eˈɔrtɪk]

adj.
大动脉的

• arch  美 [ɑːrtʃ]

n.
弓

• vasoconstriction  美 [veɪzoʊkənˈstrɪkʃn]

n.
血管缩小

• anoxia  美 [ænˈɑksɪə]

n.
缺氧症

• plasma  美 [ˈplæzmə]

n.
血浆

语法注释：

1. to fall 是动词不定式，作continues的宾语。

2. so that the volume of circulating blood is still further reduced，是由从属连词so that 引导的结果状语从句。

3. which it is difficult to break 是由关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰vicious circle。

参考译文

在代偿性病例中，血压下降刺激颈动脉和主动脉弓反射，结果引起血管缩小和心跳加速，这足以维持循环。在非代偿性病例中，反应不充分，血压继续下降，由此引起的组织缺氧导致毛细血管进一步扩张和血浆渗入组织，结果循环血液量更进一步减少，这样就产生一个难以打破的恶性循环。