大学英语课本中的六级词汇-3

从新视野大学英语（第三版）第四册第三单元遴选的10个重点单词。该教材1-2册以四级词汇为主，3-4册以六级词汇为主。其中，六级词汇中包含部分考研词汇。

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disjointed

1. 释义：a. lacking an orderly sequence or connection 不连贯的；不协调的；杂乱无章的

2. 构词法：dis-是前缀，表否定（lack of, not)，-ed是形容词后缀，joint是词根，表连接。disjoint表不连接。16世纪80年代指说话不连贯，17世纪40年代指物体断开、断裂。

3. 搭配: 

 Para.8 Home from Vietnam, Smith became fascinated by the notion that if you connected all the points of a network through an intermediary hub, the streamlined efficiency could be enormous compared to other disjointed, decentralized businesses, whether the system involved moving packages and letters or people and planes. 从越南战场回国后，史密斯开始执着于这样一个理念，即如果能将某个运输网络的各个节点通过一个中介枢纽相互连接，其效率较之其他各环节相互之间无联系的分散经营的模式来说要高出许多，不论这一系统所涉及的是运送包裹和信件还是人员和飞机。

参见：考研同根词22-join/just

exquisite

1. 释义：a. extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精美的

2. 构词法：ex-是前缀，表出去（out），-ite是后缀，-ise是动词后缀，qui是词根，表询问、寻找（query）。exquisite指找出来，15世纪早期指精挑细选的

3. 搭配

 Para.1 Conceived when he was in college and now in its 28th year of operation, Smith's exquisite brainchild has become the standard for door-to-door package delivery. 如今，史密斯这一源于大学时代的妙想已在现实中经营到了第28个年头，并已成为包裹快递入户行业的标杆。

frugality

1. 释义：n. [U] the quality of spending very little money and only on things that are really necessary 节俭；节约

2. 构词法：-ity是名词后缀，-al是形容词后缀，fru是词根，指喜欢（to enjoy)。frugal指享用农产品，象征“有价值的、有用的、经济的”。16世纪90年代指节约使用。

3. 搭配

 Para.9 The early days were underscored by extreme frugality and financial losses.最初的日子伴随着极度的拮据乃至财务损失。

参见：考研同根词104-brook

disperse

1. 释义：v. 1 spread or make things spread in different directions over a wide area 传播；散发 2 go or cause to go in different directions （使）分散；驱散

2. 构词法：dis-是前缀，表分开、一分为多（apart, in every direction)，sperse是词根，表分散（to scatter)。14世纪晚期至分散，16世纪20年代指无规律的分开，如云的消散、恐惧消散。

3. 搭配

Para. 1The rectangular packages and envelopes are rapidly reshuffled and sorted according to address, then loaded onto other aircraft, and flown to their destinations to be dispersed by hand – many within 24 hours of leaving their senders.长方形的包裹和信封又在这里依据收件地址被迅速整理分拣，然后装载上其他飞机，飞往各自的目的地，在那儿再由人工投递——到这时很多邮件离开寄件人之手还不到24小时。

elapse

1. 释义：vi. (fml.) (of time) pass or go by （时间）过去，流逝

2. 构词法：e-是前缀ex-的截短，表出来（out，away）。lapse是词根，指滑行、坠落、下沉。15世纪中期指时间流逝。

3. 搭配

   Para. 6 However, Smith was certain he was onto something, even though several more years elapsed before he could turn his idea into reality. 然而，史密斯确信自己已经发现了些什么，尽管又过了好几年他才得以把自己的想法付诸实施。

revive

1. 释义：v. 1 become or make sth. become active, successful, or popular again （使）复兴；（使）重新流行 2 make sb. become conscious or alive again （使）苏醒；（使）复活

2. 构词法：re-前缀，表再次（again），vive是词根，表活着（to live)。revive指（人或物）复苏、恢复健康。15世纪初指恢复意识。

3. 搭配

 Para. 4  As a student at Yale University, he helped revive the Yale flying club; its alumni had populated naval aviation history, including the famous "Millionaires' Unit" in World War I. 在耶鲁大学上学时，他参与重建了耶鲁飞行俱乐部，在美国海军航空史的每个时期都有这一俱乐部出来的校友的身影，包括一战时期著名的“百万富翁飞行队”。

参见：geography：行万里路方得地理

decentralize

1. 释义：v. move parts of a government, organization, etc. from a central place to several different smaller ones （使）（政府、组织等的部门）分散

2. 构词法：decentralization的逆构词。de-是前缀，表向下、远离（down, off, away),-ation是名称后缀，-ize是动词后缀，-al是形容词后缀，-er是名称后缀。cent是词根，表扎、刺（to prick）。center原指圆规的固定点，中心点。

3. 搭配

 Para.8 Home from Vietnam, Smith became fascinated by the notion that if you connected all the points of a network through an intermediary hub, the streamlined efficiency could be enormous compared to other disjointed, decentralized businesses, whether the system involved moving packages and letters or people and planes.从越南战场回国后，史密斯开始执着于这样一个理念，即如果能将某个运输网络的各个节点通过一个中介枢纽相互连接，其效率较之其他各环节相互之间无联系的分散经营的模式来说要高出许多，不论这一系统所涉及的是运送包裹和信件还是人员和飞机。

参见：centigrade-center：center绝不是你认为的“中心”

deduce

1. 释义：vt. (fml.) know sth. as a result of considering the information or evidence that you have 推断；推理

2. 构词法：de-是前缀，表向下（down），duce是词根，表领导、引导（to lead）。deduce指演绎、展示，16世纪20年代指“从已知的事物中得出结论”

3. 搭配 

 Para. 2 He attributes the success of the company simply to leadership, something he deduced from his years in the military, and from his family.他将公司的成功简单地归因于领导力，而这一推论则来自于他的军旅生涯及其家庭的影响。

参见：1.educate-effective：词源揭示了教育的本质 2.conduct-congratulation：指明方向或打开一扇门

fixture

1. 释义：n. 1 a thing or person that is always present and not likely to move or go away 固定物；固定成员2 a piece of furniture or equipment that is fixed inside a house or building and is sold as part of the house 固定家具或设备

2. 构词法：-ure是名词后缀，fix是词根指刺入、固定（to pierce），16世纪90年代指固定的行为，1812年指“任何固定或安全紧固的东西”。

3. 搭配

 Para. 10  The phrase FedEx it has become a fixture in our language as much as Xerox or Google.而“联邦快递一下”也成为了像“复印一下”或“谷歌一下”这样的固定说法，成为了我们的词汇。

参见：考研同根词31-firm

administrate

1. 释义：vt. (fml.) make sb. less angry or stop them from attacking you by giving what they want 平息；安抚；抚慰

2. 构词法：ad-是前缀，表朝向（to），-ate是动词后缀，-er是名词后缀，指...人，mini是词根，表小的（small）。minister是指小人物、仆人，引申指服务、服侍。administer在14世纪晚期指“作为一个管家来管理，控制或调节他人的利益”。administrate在17世纪30年代指“管理、指导”。

3. 搭配

Para.4 Smith administrated the club's business end and ran a small charter operation in New Haven.史密斯负责管理俱乐部的事务，同时还在纽黑文经营一项小规模的租赁业务。

参见：考研同根词23-mini

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单词成就英语，英语照见未来