每日中华文化专词双译|镕裁

镕裁

Refining and Deleting

图片来源：学习强国

对文学作品的基本内容与词句进行提炼与剪裁，使之达到更高的水准与境界。属于文学写作的基本范畴。最早由《文心雕龙》提出。主要指作者在写作过程中，根据所要表达的内容以及文体特点，对于创作构思中的众多素材加以提炼，同时对文辞去粗存精、删繁就简，以求得最佳表现效果。这一术语既强调文学写作的精益求精，同时也彰显了文学创作是内容与形式不断完善的过程。明清时期戏剧创作理论也颇受其影响。

This term refers to improving a literary work by refining its basic content and making the presentation concise. Refining and deleting is a basic process in literary writing. The term was first mentioned in 'The Literary Mind' and the 'Carving of Dragons.' It means that in producing a literary work, the author should select the right elements from all the material he has, delete unnecessary parts and keep the essence, and write in a concise way to best present what he has in mind and to best suit the styles of writing. It shows that literary creation is a process of constantly striving for perfection in terms of both content and form. This idea had a great impact on the theory of theatrical writing in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

引例 Citations：

◎规范本体谓之镕，剪截浮词谓之裁。裁则芜秽不生，镕则纲领昭畅。（刘勰《文心雕龙·镕裁》）

“镕”是规范文章的基本内容和结构，“裁”是删去多余的词句。经过剪裁，文章就没有多余杂乱的词句；经过提炼，文章就会纲目清楚、层次分明。

Refining means to shape the basic content and structure of a literary work, while deleting means to cut off redundant words or sentences. Once done, the essay will be well structured, with a clear-cut theme. (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)

◎[谢]艾繁而不可删，[王]济略而不可益。若二子者，可谓练镕裁而晓繁略矣。（刘勰《文心雕龙·镕裁》）（谢艾的文章用词虽然堆砌，但都是必不可少的，不能删减；王济的语言虽然简略，但能够充分表达意思，不能增加。像这两位，可以说是精通镕裁的方法，明了繁简得当的道理了。

Xie Ai's essays are ornate in expression yet free of unnecessary sentences or words, with nothing to be deleted. Wang Ji's writing is concise in style; it sufficiently expresses an idea without the need for using more words. Men of letters like them surely command the art of refining and deleting by using a proper amount of words and s. (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)

（推荐：教育部 国家语委 供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社）