【职场英文】RCA-根本原因分析4步法

When we have a problem or issue, we need to get to the root of that problem, otherwise that problem won’t go away. The specific problem will keep happening, because like a bad weed, it will keep popping its ugly, annoying head up and cause the same issue. Root cause analysis (RCA) is a specific technique that comes along with specific tools that help identify the root causes of issues. Here are the steps to conducting a root cause analysis:

遇到问题时，我们需要得到导致问题发生的根源，否则，问题是不可能自动消失的。具体的问题会不断发生，就像一颗邪恶的种子，它会不断展现出丑陋之处，让人烦恼，并引起同样的问题。根本原因分析（RCA），是一个与具体工具相结合的特别的方法，有助于确定导致问题发生的根本原因。下面是进行根本原因分析的步骤：

1. 识别可能原因

Identify Possible Causal Factors – A causal factor is something that contributes to an issue but is not the cause of the issue. Make sure you identify as many as possible.

确定可能原因-可能原因，指的是对问题可能有贡献事情，但不是导致问题的原因。请确保要尽可能多地去识别可能原因。

2. 确定根本原因

Identify Root Causes – The root cause is a source, when removed, would help eliminate the problem. To find the root cause, use the 5 Whys tool. Just state the problem and ask why this is happening, and keep asking why as you get deeper and deeper to the root of the problem.

确定根本原因—根本原因是问题产生的来源，一旦根本原因被消除，将有助于消除问题。要找到问题发生的根本原因，请使用5Why这一工具。我们需要做的，仅仅是陈述这个问题，然后是问问题为什么会发生，请不断地问为什么，因为，你会越发深入到问题发生的根源。

3. 识别沟通难题

Identify Communication Challenges – This is a root cause that can be addressed through communication. This can be achieved through team effort, by communicating to others about the findings of all potential root causes to see if it can be addressed and eliminated.

识别沟通中出现的难题-这是一个可以通过沟通来解决的根本原因，可以通过团队努力来实现，通过与他人交流所有潜在的根本原因的发现项，看看其是否能够被解决和消除。

4. 排序沟通难题

Prioritize Communication Challenges – If during the root cause analysis more than one communication challenge was found, figure out which one should be addressed first. Prioritize root causes in a specific order starting with the main cause of the communication issue first.

对沟通难题进行排序—如果在对根本原因的分析中，发现了不止一个沟通难题，请搞清楚哪一个应该先解决。首先从沟通难题的主要原因开始，以特定的顺序对根本原因进行优先级排序。

*Make sure you that the root cause is within your team’s realm of influence. When using the 5 Whys, stop asking once it has been determined by the team’s collective ability of influence that you have reached the main root cause.

请确保根本原因在你所在的团队的影响范围之内。使用5Why时，一旦团队确定你已经找到主要根源，就无需再继续问为什么。