【6Sigma英文】A3流程，让问题解决有序进行

When problem solving, staying in an organized systematic path is extremely important, otherwise new issues could arise. That’s why the Lean Six Sigma approach called A3 is so genius. Basically, the A3 process is a structured template for solving problems in a continuous matter.

解决问题时，保持有序的系统化路径是相当重要的，否则，新的问题有可能会出现。这也是为什么精益六西格玛方法称A3很有特质。一般来讲，A3流程是一个用来解决连续事件中问题的结构化模板。

The A3 approach is also known as SPS, which stands for Systematic Problem Solving. This approach is based on the principals of PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act).

A3方法，也被称之为SPS（代表的意思是：系统化的解决问题），该方法基于PDCA（计划、实施、检查与处置）的原则。

The reason for the A3 approach is to provide structure to problem solving, and helps determine what caused the problem.

A3方法的前提是为问题解决提供结构，并帮助确定是什么引起了问题。

A3 Process of Problem Solving A3问题解决流程

壹

Background: Select an issue you want to resolve. State how this issue impacts your business, your customers, and processes, and of course your bottom line or financials.

背景：选择想要解决的问题，陈述其对公司、客户、流程，以及其对盈亏总额或者财务上的影响。

贰

Problem Statement: Make a detailed statement of the issue. Quantify exact issue and define detailed specifics so that the impact of the issue is communicated to others.

问题陈述：对该问题进行详细的陈述，对确切的问题进行量化，并定义详细细节，以便将问题的影响传达给他人。

叁

Goal Statement: Make a goal statement and what you want to accomplish by taking on this A3 project. You can map out what exact goals you will accomplish. Include timeframe for accomplishing this goal.

目标陈述：进行目标陈述，通过A3项目想要达成什么，可以画出想要达成的确切的目标，包括完成该目标的时间期限。

肆

Root Cause Analysis: Conduct a thorough analysis as to what might be causing this particular issue.

根本原因分析：对可能引起这一特定问题的原因，进行深入的分析。

伍

Countermeasures:These are the steps that you are going to take to make the necessary changes. Make sure you are addressing the root causes that you have found.

对策：这些是你为作出必要改变所需要采取的步骤，请确保处理发现的根本原因。

陆

Develop the New Target State: Illustrate how you will address the root causes of the issue. You will use a diagram on how the newly proposed process will work. When communicating your countermeasures, make sure you note the projected or expected improvements.

制定新的目标状态：说明你将如何处理该问题的根本原因，请使用图表来说明新提议的流程会如何运作。在进行对策沟通时，要注意预期或者期望的改进。

柒

Implementation Plan: This is your well-thought out workable plan. Include a list of actions that need to get done so that the countermeasures can take place and improvement can be obtained.

实施计划：这是考虑周全的可行计划，包括一系列需要完成的行动，以便采取相应的措施，并达成改进。

捌

Follow-up Plan: This is to make sure that the target goal was met. Check on it at a regularly scheduled time to make sure the target has been met.

跟进计划：这一步是为了确保达成预定目标，要定期对计划进行检查，确保目标达成。

玖

Discuss with Affected Parties: You must communicate all changes to those it affected and see how the progress has improved. Here is where concerns should be addressed if there are any.

与受影响的各方进行沟通：你得把所有的变化传达给受影响者，并查看改进的进展如何。如果有任何问题，都应该予以处理。

拾

Get Approval:Make sure everyone is onboard with the new plan.

获得认可：确保所有人都赞同新的计划。

拾壹

Implementation:Execute the new implementation plan.

实施：执行新的实施方案。

拾贰

Evaluate the Results: Measure the results and make sure you hit your goal if you haven’t hit it.

效果评估：对结果进行衡量，如果没有达成目标，请确保一定要达成。