变式，通过变换同类事物的非本质特征的表现形式，变更观察事物的角度和方法，从而突出事物的本质特征，突出那些隐蔽的本质要素，让学生在变式中思维，从而掌握事物的本质和规律。
变式一是指通过变更对象的非本质特征以突出对象的本质特征而形成的表现形式。二是指通过变更对象的本质特征以突出对象的非本质特征，从而显示概念的内涵发生了变化。教师在教学时，就得启发学生一步一步从非本质属性中把本质属性揭露出来。这就必须运用变式规律。变式是通过变更对象的非本质特征的表现形式，让学生在变式中思维，从而掌握事物的本质和规律。
在实践中，有的教师不去分析课题的本质属性与非本质属性的矛盾，在这种教法下，学生往往只是盲目地模仿教师作辅助性的狭隘经验的总结，并没有达到真正理解。因此教师在教学中，必须掌握变式规律，指导学生学会在各种不同的变式中掌握课题的本质属性，学会这种思维方法。
变式的成效并不取决于运用的数量，而在于是否具有广泛的典型性，能否使学生在领会科学概念时，摆脱感性经验和片面性的消极影响。同时，材料的变式也不必都在讲授过程中进行，有些也可在练习或巩固作业中让学生来做。此外，教师在运用变式时，要对学生提出明确的要求，引导学生观察、思考，才能使变式达到预期的教学效果。
随着核心素养理念下的高中英语学科新课程标准的不断深入，如何把新课程理念在英语课堂教学中体现和落实是目前每一位英语教师面临的新的挑战和改革。当下，在核心素养理念下，英语教学不单是词汇、语法、语篇等教学所能涵盖的范畴，更侧重培养学生的搜集信息，评价信息，归纳整理信息，解决问题，阐述观点，思维活动的能力，思维品质，文化品格。培养学生的独立自主学习，合作学习及批判性思维及创新思维能力。
本节课例是基于高三必修五UNIT1 Great Scientist单元整体复习设计的。大多时候，我们的教师，尤其是高三的教师，大部分时间都是在引导学生碎片化的学习单词，短语和句型。这就造成了一个明显的弊端，那就是听写单词和短语，学生基本都能正确书写，但是，到了考查和使用的时候，学生根本就想不到、记不起、用不对。个人认为，核心的问题就是学生缺少“深度学习”，缺乏“学以致用，学以致考，学以知识”的意识，教师缺乏对于学生创新意识和迁移能力的培养。那么如何设计教学活动才能让学生能够深入思考，灵活变通，举一反三，触类旁通呢？这就学要教师要有“变式”意识，设计有层次，相关联，同一主题和话题下丰富的教学活动来具体实施。
材料1
My favorite scientist --Yuan Longping
Born in Being, Yuan Longping is a simple but great man. Famous scientist as he is, he regard himself as an ordinary farmer. Since he graduated from college, he has been determined to fin a way to increase rice harvest. Finally, he succeeded in growing what is called super hybrid rice, making it possible for farmers to produce harvests twice as large as before.
Not only do his great achievements deserve my admiration, but his attitude towards life impresses me a lot. He cares little about being famous or spending money on himself. Besides, he is so unselfish that he is now circulating his knowledge in some less developed countries to help them.
As Dr Yuan proves, the secret to success is having a dream and the determination to realize it. We should learn from it.
材料2
John Snow was so famous a doctor in London in the 19th century _________he even attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. However, he decided to defeat cholera, ________deadly disease at that time when he saw thousands of people ________(expose) to it died every time there was an out break. In 1854 when cholera broke out, he began to gather information and marked on a map __________all the dead people had lived. He found many people who has drunk the dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that _______(pollute) water carried cholera. He found a woman and her daughter who had the water __________(deliver) from the pump every day died of cholera after drinking the water. __________ this extra evidence John Snow announced that polluted water was _________(blame). He suggested the source of all the water supplies _________(examine) and new methods of dealing with water be found. ________(final), “King Cholera” was defeated.
材料3
Copernicus’ revolutionary theory
Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. ________ Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others. ________ if the earth was the center of the solar system and all the plants went round it.
________ He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.
__________ He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movements of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. Not wanting to be attacked by the Christian Church, he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.
________ The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the basis which all our ideas of the universe are built. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.
A. It is no wonder
B. This was very strange
C. Certainly he was right to be careful.
D. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity.
E. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary.
F. All the data suggested the earth was not the center of the solar system
G. Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer.
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